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Inducing Fertilization and Development in Sand Dollars
By: Karen Wellner
| Published: Jun 24, 2010
Sand dollars are common marine invertebrates in the phylum Echinodermata and share the same class (Echinoidea) as sea urchins. They have served as…
Sand DollarsFertilizationInvertebrates
1,000 Genomes Project (2008–2015)
By: Matthew Tontonoz
| Published: Aug 10, 2025
The 1,000 Genomes Project, which began in 2008, was an international effort to create a detailed and publicly accessible catalog of human genetic…
Human genomeHuman Genome ProjectGenome-Wide Association StudyWhole Genome SequencingNational Human Genome Research Institute (U.S.)
“Oral Administration of Maternal Vaginal Microbes at Birth to Restore Gut Microbiome Development in Infants Born by Caesarean Section: A Pilot Randomised Placebo-controlled Trial” (2021), by Brooke C. Wilson, Éadaoin M. Butler, Celia P. Grigg et al.
By: Kelly Roberts
| Published: Jun 03, 2025
In 2021, Brooke Wilson and colleagues published “Oral Administration of Maternal Vaginal Microbes at Birth to Restore Gut Microbiome Development in…
MicrobiotaCesarean SectionGastrointestinal microbiomeMicrobiomesBacteroides
Albert Ludwig Sigesmund Neisser (1855–1916)
By: Eboni E. Andersun
| Published: Jun 03, 2025
Albert Ludwig Sigesmund Neisser was a physician and scientist working in Poland who, in 1879, identified the bacterium that causes gonorrhea. Before…
SyphilisGonorrheaLeprosySexually Transmitted DiseasesBacteria
Embryonic Sex Differentiation and Sex Hormones (1947), by Carl R. Moore
By: Mary Drago
| Published: May 03, 2014
In 1947, Carl Richard Moore, a researcher at the University of Chicago, in Chicago, Illinois, wrote Embryonic Sex Differentiation and Sex Hormones,…
LiteratureEndocrinologyHormones, SexGonadal Steroid HormonesFreemartinism
Radioimmunoassay
By: Jennifer R. Craer
| Published: Oct 11, 2013
Radioimmunoassay (RIA) is a technique in which researchers use radioactive isotopes as traceable tags to quantify specific biochemical substances…
TechnologyImmunoassayRadioimmunoassayBiochemistryBinding sites (Biochemistry)
Johann Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)
By: Amanda Andrei
| Published: Jul 27, 2013
Johann Gregor Mendel studied plants and their patterns of inheritance in Austria during the nineteenth century. Mendel experimented with the pea…
GeneticsMendel's lawPeasBotany, ExperimentalBotany
Anencephaly
By: Jesse King
| Published: Feb 13, 2013
Anencephaly is an open neural tube defect, meaning that part of the neural tube does not properly close or that it has reopened during early…
fetal developmentFetus--AbnormalitiesBirth DefectsEmbryologyPregnancy
Alan Mathison Turing (1912-1954)
By: Julia Damerow
| Published: Jun 22, 2010
Alan Mathison Turing was a British mathematician and computer scientist who lived in the early twentieth century. Among important contributions in…
PeopleMorphogenesisBiographyModels
De Formatione Ovi et Pulli (1621), by Girolamo Fabrici
By: Hilary Gilson
| Published: Sep 30, 2008
The embryological treatise De formatione ovi et pulli (On the Formation of the Egg and of the Chick) was written by anatomist and embryologist…
LiteraturePublicationsOvaAnatomy