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In 2020, Frans Schutgens and Hans Clevers published “Human Organoids: Tools for Understanding Biology and Treating Diseases,” hereafter “Human…
OrganoidsCell Culture Techniques, Three DimensionalPrimary Cell Cultureinduced pluripotent stem cellsAdult Stem CellsScientists use cerebral organoids, which are artificially produced miniature organs that represent embryonic or fetal brains and have many properties…
TechnologyMicrocephalyBrainNeuronsBrain--Diseases--Animal modelsThe paper "Formation of Genetically Mosaic Mouse Embryos and Early Development of Lethal (t12/t12)-Normal Mosaics," by Beatrice Mintz, describes a…
Mintz, BeatriceExperimentsMiceThe hanging drop tissue culture is a technique utilized in embryology and other fields to allow growth that would otherwise be restricted by the flat…
TechnologyTissue cultureTissue Culture TechniquesTelomerase is an enzyme that regulates the lengths of telomeres in the cells of many organisms, and in humans it begins to function int the early…
TelomeraseTelomereDNAMolecular BiologySomatic embryogenesisThe Roscoe B. Jackson Laboratory, known commonly in the scientific field as the Jackson Laboratory, was founded by Clarence Cook Little in May 1929.…
OrganizationOrganizationsLaboratoriesMiceGeneticsIn 2007, Françoise Baylis and Jason Scott Robert published “Part-Human Chimeras: Worrying the Facts, Probing the Ethics” in The American Journal of…
LiteratureChimerismNeuronsChimeraGeneticsNuclear transplantation is a method in which the nucleus of a donor cell is relocated to a target cell that has had its nucleus removed (enucleated…
Cell nuclei--TransplantationNuclear TransplantationFrancis Sellers Collins helped lead the International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium, which helped describe the DNA sequence of the human genome…
Human Genome ProjectNucleotide sequenceSequence Analysis, DNAGenomeAlexis Carrel, the prominent French surgeon, biologist, and 1912 Nobel Prize laureate for Physiology or Medicine, was one of the pioneers in…
TechnologyCarrel, Alexis, 1873-1944Tissue Culture TechniquesTissue culture