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Apoptosis, or programmed cell death, is a mechanism in embryonic development that occurs naturally in organisms. Apoptosis is a different process…
ApoptosisGenetic regulationCaenorhabditis elegansCellsGerm CellsThis video is composed of a sequence of time lapse films created by John Tyler Bonner in the 1940s to show the life cycle of the cellular slime mol
Dictyostelium discoideumGrowth and DevelopmentOrganismsIn the 1930s, George Beadle and Boris Ephrussi discovered factors that affect eye colors in developing fruit flies.
Fruit-fliesImaginal DisksGeneticsdevelopmentMetamorphosis, BiologicalIn 1935, George Beadle and Boris Ephrussi developed a technique to transplant optic discs between fruit fly larvae.
Fruit-fliesImaginal DisksGeneticsdevelopmentMetamorphosis, BiologicalThalidomide is a sedative drug introduced to European markets on 1 October 1957 after extensive testing on rodent embryos to ensure its safety. Early…
ContextTeratogenicity testingAbnormalities, HumanThalidomide--Side effectsThalidomideWhen cells-but not DNA-from two or more genetically distinct individuals combine to form a new individual, the result is called a chimera. Though…
ContextChimerismEmbryosEmbryonic Stem CellsMosaicismBacteria of the genus Wolbachia are bacteria that live within the cells of their hosts. They infect a wide range of arthropods (insects, arachnids…
WolbachiaBacteriaHost-bacteria relationshipsHost-parasite relationshipsArthropodsAll cells that have a nucleus, including plant, animal, fungal cells, and most single-celled protists, also have mitochondria. Mitochondria are…
CellsCell organellesMitochondriaPlant mitochondriaEndosymbiosisThis diagram shows the life cycle of Neurospora crassa, a mold that grows on bread. N.
Neurospora crassaMicrobiologyMicroscopyGrowthdevelopmentIn 2006, bioethicist Jason Scott Robert published “The Science and Ethics of Making Part-Human Animals in Stem Cell Biology” in The FASEB Journal.…
LiteratureGeneticsbioethicsStem Cell ResearchStem Cells