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Viktor Hamburger was an embryologist who focused on neural development. His scientific career stretched from the early 1920s as a student of Hans…
PeopleHamburger, Viktor, 1900-2001Nerve Growth FactorBiographyNeuronsConrad Hal Waddington's "Experiments on Embryonic Induction III," published in 1934 in the Journal of Experimental Biology, describes the discovery…
Waddington, C. H. (Conrad Hal), 1905-1975EmbryosCell differentiationEmbryologyChickens--EmbryosBerthold Karl Hölldobler studied social insects like ants in Europe and the US during the twentieth and early twenty-first century. He focused on the…
AntsCarpenter antsZoologyEvolutionPulitzer PrizesFetus in fetu is a rare variety of parasitic twins , where the developmentally abnormal parasitic twin is completely encapsulated within the torso of…
FetusEmbryosfetal developmentPregnancyFetus--AbnormalitiesThe hedgehog signaling pathway is a mechanism that directs the development of embryonic cells in animals, from invertebrates to vertebrates. The…
EmbryologyEmbryosWieschaus, Eric F.Cellular signal transductionDrosophila melanogasterIn the 2008 court case In the Matter of the Marriage of Dahl and Angle, the Court of Appeals of Oregon upheld a written in vitro fertilization (IVF)…
LawFrozen human embryosFertilization in VitroEmbryo DispositionEmbryoErnest Everett Just was an early twentieth century American experimental embryologist involved in research at the Marine Biological Laboratory (MBL)…
FertilizationBiographyInvertebratesMesoderm is one of the three germ layers, groups of cells that interact early during the embryonic life of animals and from which organs and tissues…
MesodermGastrulationCell differentiationCellsTissuesRichard Woltereck first described the concept of Reaktionsnorm (norm of reaction) in his 1909 paper 'Weitere experimentelle Untersuchungen uber Art-…
Woltereck, Richard, 1877-1944EvolutionDaphniaEmbryologyHeredityWilhelm Johannsen in Denmark first proposed the distinction between genotype and phenotype in the study of heredity in 1909. This distinction is…
Johannsen, W. (Wilhelm), 1857-1927Genotype-environment interactionPhenotypeHeredityGenetics