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International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (2001)
By: Marci Baranski
| Published: Oct 07, 2013
The International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, referred to as the Plant Treaty, was approved on 3 November 2001 by…
LawGermplasm resources, PlantGermplasm resources, Plant--Law and legislationbiodiversityUnited Nations associations
HeLa Cell Line
By: Rohini Nott
| Published: Sep 18, 2020
The HeLa cell line was the first immortal human cell line that George Otto Gey, Margaret Gey, and Mary Kucibek first isolated from Henrietta Lacks…
HeLa CellsContinuous cell linesResearch EthicsInformed consent (Medical law)Cervix uteri--Cancer
Simon Edward Fisher (1970-)
By: Kat Fowler
| Published: Apr 27, 2017
Simon Edward Fisher studied the genes that control speech and language in England and the Netherlands in the late twentieth and early twenty-first…
GeneticsWellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics (Oxford, England)Language AcquisitionTranscription factorsForkhead Transcription Factors
“A Syndrome of Infantilism, Congenital Webbed Neck, and Cubitus Valgus” (1938), by Henry Hubert Turner
By: Megha Pillai
| Published: Jul 02, 2024
In 1938, physician Henry Hubert Turner published “A Syndrome of Infantilism, Congenital Webbed Neck, and Cubitus Valgus,” hereafter “A Syndrome of…
Turner SyndromeNoonan SyndromeFemale Pseudo-Turner SyndromeInfantilism, GenitalGonadotropin-Releasing Hormone
Organic Seed Growers and Trade Association's suit against Monsanto, 2012 and 2013
By: Ernest Nkansah-Dwamena
| Published: Dec 30, 2014
In March 2011 the Organic Seed Growers and Trade Association and around sixty agricultural organizations (OSGATA et al.) filed a suit against…
ContextGenetic EngineeringPatent laws and legislationAgricultural biotechnologyTransgenic organisms
Gail Roberta Martin (1944– )
By: Lance Villarreal
| Published: Jul 31, 2019
In the twentieth and early twenty-first centuries, Gail Roberta Martin specialized in biochemistry and embryology, more specifically cellular…
EmbryosEmbryos--PhysiologyEmbryos--AnatomyBlastocystRetrovirus Infections
Hermann Joseph Muller's Study of X-rays as a Mutagen, (1926-1927)
By: Kevin M. Gleason
| Published: Mar 07, 2017
Hermann Joseph Muller conducted three experiments in 1926 and 1927 that demonstrated that exposure to x-rays, a form of high-energy radiation, can…
X-raysRadiationGeneticsMutationDrosophila
Jérôme Lejeune (1926−1994)
By: Maeen Arslan, Grace Fitzgerald
| Published: Aug 19, 2021
Jérôme Lejeune was a French physician and researcher who studied genetics and developmental disorders. According to the Jérôme Lejeune Foundation, in…
Down syndromeMongolismKaryotypeGenetic ScreeningGenetic Concepts
Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer in Mammals (1938-2013)
By: Zane Bartlett
| Published: Nov 04, 2014
In the second half of the twentieth century, scientists learned how to clone organisms in some species of mammals. Scientists have applied somatic…
CloningCell nuclei--TransplantationSpemann, Hans, 1869-1941Genetic Engineering
Apoptosis in Embryonic Development
By: Zane Bartlett
| Published: Jun 08, 2017
Apoptosis, or programmed cell death, is a mechanism in embryonic development that occurs naturally in organisms. Apoptosis is a different process…
ApoptosisGenetic regulationCaenorhabditis elegansCellsGerm Cells