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Multiple theories about what determines sex were tested at the turn of the twentieth century. By experimenting on germ cells, cytologist Nettie Maria…
PeopleHeredityReproductionBiographyIn 1916, at the age of twenty-nine, Edward Stuart Russell published his first major work, Form and Function: a Contribution to the History of Animal…
LiteratureRussell, E. S. (Edward Stuart), 1887-1954PublicationsMorphologyEndoscopy is a medical procedure that enables the viewing and biopsy of, and surgery on, internal tissues and organs. Endoscopic examinations are…
TechnologyEndoscopyReproductionmedicineLaparoscopy, a subfield of endoscopy, is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to examine and operate on the internal organs of the abdomen…
TechnologyLaparoscopyReproductionAlexis Carrel, the prominent French surgeon, biologist, and 1912 Nobel Prize laureate for Physiology or Medicine, was one of the pioneers in…
TechnologyCarrel, Alexis, 1873-1944Tissue Culture TechniquesTissue cultureRenowned physician and scientist William Harvey is best known for his accurate description of how blood circulates through the body. While his…
PeopleBlood CirculationBiographycirculationJeffrey Keenan is the Director of the Southeastern Center for Fertility and Reproductive Medicine and the main developer behind the National Embryo…
PeopleReproductive Techniques, AssistedReproductionBiographyFertilityIn the United States, the Code of Federal Regulations Title 45: Public Welfare, part 46 (45 CFR 46) provides protection for human subjects in…
LawGovernmentFetusOn 20 November 2009 Democrat Barack Obama replaced Republican George W. Bush as president of the United States. Obama soon initiated changes to Bush'…
LawStem CellsErnst Heinrich Philipp August Haeckel was a prominent comparative anatomist and active lecturer in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries…
PeopleHaeckel, Ernst, 1834-1919Biological EvolutionBiographyEvolution