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Frank Rattray Lillie's Study of Freemartins (1914-1920)
By: Mary Drago
| Published: Mar 14, 2014
Frank Rattray Lillie's research on freemartins from 1914 to 1920 in the US led to the theory that hormones partly caused for sex differentiation in…
Lillie, Frank Rattray, 1870-1947Intersexuality in animalsFreemartinismHormonesExperiments
“Livebirth after Uterus Transplantation” (2015), by Mats Brännström, Liza Johannesson, Hans Bokström, Niclas Kvarnström, Johan Mölne, Pernilla Dahm-Kähler, Anders Enskog, Milan Milenkovic, Jana Ekberg, Cesar Diaz-Garcia, Markus Gäbel, Ash Hanafy et al.
By: Aubrey Pinteric
| Published: Jul 15, 2025
In 2015, Mats Brännström and colleagues published “Livebirth after Uterus Transplantation” in the journal The Lancet. In “Livebirth after Uterus…
Infertility, Femaleorgan transplantationClinical trialIn vitro fertilizationPregnancy
“Microsurgical Vasovasostomy: The Microdot Technique of Precision Suture Placement” (1998), by Marc Goldstein, Philip Shihua Li, and Gerald J. Matthews
By: Cole Nichols
| Published: Nov 21, 2023
In 1998, urologists Marc Goldstein, Philip Shihua Li, and Gerald J. Matthews published “Microsurgical Vasovasostomy: The Microdot Technique of…
VasectomyVasectomy ReversalVasovasostomyContraceptionGenital Organs
Karl Oskar Illmensee (1939–)
By: Cheryl Lancaster
| Published: Feb 26, 2017
Karl Oskar Illmensee studied the cloning and reproduction of fruit flies, mice, and humans in the US and Europe during the twentieth and twenty-first…
CloningMolecular CloningClone CellsTwinsEmbryos
Sheldon Clark Reed (1910-2003)
By: Cassidy Possehl
| Published: Jun 10, 2017
Sheldon Clark Reed helped establish the profession of genetic counseling in the US during the twentieth century. In 1947 Reed coined the term genetic…
Genetic CounselingCystic FibrosisDrosophilaGeneticsHmong Americans
Cystic Fibrosis
By: Kristina Winikates
| Published: Jan 01, 2012
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a fatal, inherited disease found in humans and characterized by buildup of thick, sticky mucus, particularly in the…
Cystic FibrosisGeneticsDiseases
Marie Charlotte Carmichael Stopes (1880-1958)
By: Ellen M. DuPont
| Published: Jul 10, 2008
Marie Charlotte Carmichael Stopes was born in Edinburgh, Scotland, on 15 October 1880 to Charlotte Carmichael Stopes, a suffragist, and Henry Stopes…
Peoplepublic healthethicsReproductionBiography
Enovid: The First Hormonal Birth Control Pill (1957–1988)
By: Ilani Higgins
| Published: Aug 09, 2025
In 1960, the US-based pharmaceutical lab G.D. Searle and Company, or Searle, launched Enovid, one of the first oral birth control pills, following…
ContraceptionBirth ControlEugenicsClinical trialMedical Ethics
“Oral Administration of Maternal Vaginal Microbes at Birth to Restore Gut Microbiome Development in Infants Born by Caesarean Section: A Pilot Randomised Placebo-controlled Trial” (2021), by Brooke C. Wilson, Éadaoin M. Butler, Celia P. Grigg et al.
By: Kelly Roberts
| Published: Jun 03, 2025
In 2021, Brooke Wilson and colleagues published “Oral Administration of Maternal Vaginal Microbes at Birth to Restore Gut Microbiome Development in…
MicrobiotaCesarean SectionGastrointestinal microbiomeMicrobiomesBacteroides
The Infant Incubator in Europe (1860-1890)
By: Kelsey Locey
| Published: Feb 11, 2017
In the nineteenth century, obstetricians in Europe began to construct devices to incubate infants in increasingly controlled environments. The infant…
TechnologyPremature InfantsObstetricsMaternal and infant welfareIncubators (Pediatrics)