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"Hybrids and Chimeras: A Consultation on the Ethical and Social Implications of Creating Human/Animal Embryos in Research" (2007), by the HFEA
By: Sarah Taddeo, Jason S. Robert
| Published: Nov 04, 2014
To educate its citizens about research into chimeras made from human and non-human animal cells, the United Kingdom's Human Fertilisation Embryology…
LiteratureChimerismHuman reproductive technologyHuman CloningFertilization in vitro, Human
Dennis Lo (1963- )
By: Alexis Abboud
| Published: Nov 04, 2014
Dennis Lo, also called Yuk Ming Dennis Lo, is a professor at the Chinese University of Hong Kong in Hong Kong, China. In 1997, Lo discovered fetal…
genetic testingHuman chromosome abnormalities--DiagnosisPrenatal DiagnosisAmniocentesisChorionic Villus Sampling
Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer in Mammals (1938-2013)
By: Zane Bartlett
| Published: Nov 04, 2014
In the second half of the twentieth century, scientists learned how to clone organisms in some species of mammals. Scientists have applied somatic…
CloningCell nuclei--TransplantationSpemann, Hans, 1869-1941Genetic Engineering
Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority (1991- )
By: Sarah Taddeo
| Published: Oct 30, 2014
In 1991, the United Kingdom established the Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority (HFEA) as a response to technologies that used human embryos…
OrganizationEmbryologyReproductive HealthHuman reproductive technologyWarnock, Mary, 1808-1900
"Evolution and
Tinkering" (1977), by Francois Jacob
By: Valerie Racine
| Published: Oct 24, 2014
In his essay Evolution and Tinkering, published in Science in 1977, Francois Jacob argued that a common analogy between the process of evolution by…
LiteratureInstitut Pasteur (Paris, France)OperonsGenetic regulationNobel Prizes
Roy John Britten (1919-2012)
By: Abhinav Mishra
| Published: Oct 24, 2014
Roy John Britten studied DNA sequences in the US in the second half of the twentieth century, and he helped discover repetitive elements in DNA…
DNAGenomesCalifornia Institute of TechnologyGenetic regulationMice
"The Origin and Behavior of Mutable Loci in Maize" (1950), by Barbara McClintock
By: Federica Turriziani-Colonna
| Published: Oct 24, 2014
The Origin and Behavior of Mutable Loci in Maize, by Barbara McClintock, was published in 1950 in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences…
LiteratureMcClintock, Barbara, 1902-1992ChromosomesTransposonsCorn
Ontogeny and Phylogeny (1977), by Stephen Jay Gould
By: M. Elizabeth Barnes
| Published: Oct 21, 2014
Ontogeny and Phylogeny is a book published in 1977, in which the author Stephen J. Gould, who worked in the US, tells a history of the theory of…
LiteratureEvolutionOntogenyEmbryologyMeckel, J. F. (Johann Friedrich), 1781-1833
Lysogenic Bacteria as an Experimental Model at the Pasteur Institute (1915-1965)
By: Valerie Racine
| Published: Oct 10, 2014
Lysogenic bacteria, or virus-infected bacteria, were the primary experimental models used by scientists working in the laboratories of the Pasteur…
ContextInstitut Pasteur (Paris, France)BacteriaEscherichia coliMonod, Jacques
"Viable Offspring Derived from Fetal and Adult Mammalian Cells" (1997), by Ian Wilmut et al.
By: Zane Bartlett
| Published: Oct 10, 2014
In the 1990s, Ian Wilmut, Jim McWhir, and Keith Campbell performed experiments while working at the Roslin Institute in Roslin, Scotland. Wilmut,…
CloningMolecular CloningClone CellsCampbell, Keith, 1954-2012Roslin Institute