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Estrogen and the Menstrual Cycle in Humans
By: Brendan Van Iten
| Published: Jun 22, 2016
Estrogen is the primary sex hormone in women and it functions during the reproductive menstrual cycle. Women have three major types of estrogen:…
Menstrual CycleOral contraceptivesEstrogenEstradiolEstrone
Edgar Allen and Edward A. Doisy's Extraction of Estrogen from Ovarian Follicles, (1923)
By: Brendan Van Iten
| Published: Mar 02, 2017
In the early 1920s, researchers Edgar Allen and Edward Adelbert Doisy conducted an experiment that demonstrated that ovarian follicles, which produce…
OvariesCorpus LuteumEndometriumEstrogenHormones, Sex
Diethylstilbestrol (DES) in the US
By: Alexis Abboud
| Published: Mar 23, 2015
Diethylstilbestrol (DES) is an artificially created hormone first synthesized in the late 1930s. Doctors widely prescribed DES first to pregnant…
DiethylstilbestrolDiethylstilbestrol--Side effectsDiethylstilbestrol--CarcinogenicityPregnancyEstrogen
The Effects of Bisphenol A on Embryonic Development
By: Tristan Cooper-Roth
| Published: Sep 07, 2010
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an organic compound that was first synthesized by Aleksandr Dianin, a Russian chemist from St. Petersburg, in 1891. The chemical…
bisphenol AReproductionHormonesHuman Development
The Birth Control Pill
By: Christina Raup
| Published: Jul 01, 2010
The birth control pill, more commonly known as "the pill" is a form of contraception taken daily in pill form and consisting of synthetic hormones…
ContraceptionReproductionReproductive Rights
Amenorrhea as a Menstrual Disorder
By: Emily Santora
| Published: Aug 03, 2021
Amenorrhea is considered a type of abnormal menstrual bleeding characterized by the unexpected absence of menstrual bleeding, lasting three months or…
Amenorrhea, PrimaryMenstruation disordersMenstrual CyclePolycystic ovary syndromeBirth Control
NuvaRing
By: Molly Jacobson
| Published: Oct 13, 2022
The NuvaRing is a self-administered hormonal contraceptive device in the form of a flexible plastic ring that is inserted into the vagina. It…
TechnologyContraceptivesContraceptives, VaginalContraceptives industryContraceptive drugs
"The Premenstrual Syndrome" (1953), by Raymond Greene and Katharina Dalton
By: Bianca E. Zietal
| Published: Jun 23, 2017
In 1953, Raymond Greene and Katharina Dalton, who were doctors in the UK, published The Premenstrual Syndrome in the British Medical Journal. In…
LiteraturePremenstrual syndromeMigraineMenstruationMenstruation disorders
Temperature-Dependent Sex Determination in Reptiles
By: Karla T. Moeller
| Published: Feb 01, 2013
The sex of a reptile embryo partly results from the production of sex hormones during development, and one process to produce those hormones depends…
Sex DifferentiationReproductionAdaptationfetal developmentEmbryology