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Since the 1950s, scientists have developed interspecies blastocysts in laboratory settings, but not until the 1990s did proposals emerge to engineer…
BlastocystDiseasesbioethicsTadpoleCell nuclei--TransplantationNeurocristopathies are a class of pathologies in vertebrates, including humans, that result from abnormal expression, migration, differentiation, or…
CellsVertebratesdevelopmentCleft PalateAlbinismIn 2004, Amanda J. Drake and Brian R. Walker published “The Intergenerational Effects of Fetal Programming: Non-genomic Mechanisms for the…
LiteratureReproductive HealthGestationFetal MonitoringFetal DistressRichard A. Lockshin's 1963 PhD dissertation on cell death in insect metamorphosis was conducted under the supervision of Harvard insect physiologist…
LiteratureExperimentsPublicationsSilkwormsHormonesViktor Hamburger was an embryologist who focused on neural development. His scientific career stretched from the early 1920s as a student of Hans…
PeopleHamburger, Viktor, 1900-2001Nerve Growth FactorBiographyNeuronsAcyclovir is an antiviral medication that scientists developed in the twentieth century to treat herpes, a disease caused by the viruses herpes…
AcyclovirAntiherpes CremeZoviraxGenital HerpesHerpes Simplex Virus 1Mesenchyme is a type of animal tissue comprised of loose cells embedded in a mesh of proteins and fluid, called the extracellular matrix. The loose,…
MesenchymeGastrulationStem CellsMesenchymal Stem CellsEmbryologyIntroduced by Conrad Hal Waddington in 1942, the concept of epigenetics gave scientists a new paradigm of thought concerning embryonic development,…
EpigenomicsEpigeneticsProgestin is a synthetic form of progesterone, a naturally occurring hormone, which plays an important role in the female reproductive cycle. During…
TechnologyProgesteroneReproductionContraceptionFranz Keibel studied the embryos of humans and other animals in Europe at the turn of the twentieth century. He lived and worked in several different…
Embryology