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Zidovudine or Azidothymidine (AZT)
By: Chase V. Florez
| Published: Jun 30, 2020
In 1964, Jerome Horwitz synthesized the drug zidovudine, commonly abbreviated ZDV, otherwise known as azidothymidine, or AZT, at Wayne State…
AZT (Drug)AzidothymidineHIV-positive menHIV-positive childrenHIV-positive women
John von Neumann's Cellular Automata
By:
| Published: Jun 14, 2010
Cellular automata (CA) are mathematical models used to simulate complex systems or processes. In several fields, including biology, physics, and…
Von Neumann, John, 1903-1957ModelsEvolution
Revive & Restore (2012– )
By: Risa Aria Schnebly
| Published: Dec 16, 2020
Revive and Restore is a California-based nonprofit that uses genetic engineering to help solve conservation problems, such as saving endangered…
OrganizationExtinction (Biology)MammothsMammuthusWoolly mammoth
"Generation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Using Recombinant Proteins" (2009), by Hongyan Zhou et al.
By: Samuel Philbrick
| Published: Aug 30, 2010
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are studied carefully by scientists not just because they are a potential source of stem cells that…
LiteratureStem CellsPublicationsRegeneration
Sex-determining Region Y in Mammals
By: Troy Cox
| Published: Dec 31, 2013
The Sex-determining Region Y (Sry in mammals but SRY in humans) is a gene found on Y chromosomes that leads to the development of male phenotypes,…
Y ChromosomeTestisEmbryosChromosomesSex Chromosomes
Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis
By: Nathalie Antonios
| Published: Mar 24, 2011
Preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) involves testing for specific genetic conditions prior to the implantation of an embryo in the uterine wall.…
TechnologyPreimplantation DiagnosisReproductionFertilizationgenetic testing
The First Successful Cloning of a Gaur (2000), by Advanced Cell Technology
By: Caroline Appleton
| Published: Jul 26, 2013
Advanced Cell Technology (ACT), a stem cell biotechnology company in Worcester, Massachusetts, showed the potential for cloning to contribute to…
Cell nuclei--TransplantationCloningGaurAdvanced Cell Technology (Firm)Embryos
The Discovery of p53 Protein
By: Lijing Jiang
| Published: Jan 21, 2011
The p53 protein acts as a pivotal suppressor of inappropriate cell proliferation. By initiating suppressive effects through induction of apoptosis,…
Tumor Suppressor Protein p53ExperimentsCancerCell Death
The Y-Chromosome in Animals
By: Dorothy R. Haskett
| Published: May 28, 2015
The Y-chromosome is one of a pair of chromosomes that determine the genetic sex of individuals in mammals, some insects, and some plants. In the…
Y ChromosomeSex ChromosomesEmbryosDNAChromosomes
The Genetic Control and Cytoplasmic Expression of 'Inducibility' in the synthesis of B-galactosidase" (1959), by Arthur B. Pardee, Francois Jacob, and Jacques Monod
By: Abhinav Mishra
| Published: May 28, 2015
Between 1957 and 1959, Arthur Pardee, Francois Jacob, and Jacques Monod conducted a set of experiments at the Pasteur Institute in Paris, France,…
Genetic transformationGenetic recombinationEnzyme KineticsMessenger RNANobel Prize winners