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Ontogeny and Phylogeny (1977), by Stephen Jay Gould
By: M. Elizabeth Barnes
| Published: Oct 21, 2014
Ontogeny and Phylogeny is a book published in 1977, in which the author Stephen J. Gould, who worked in the US, tells a history of the theory of…
LiteratureEvolutionOntogenyEmbryologyMeckel, J. F. (Johann Friedrich), 1781-1833
Impact of Air Pollution on Reproductive Health” (1999), by Radim Srám
By: Ajeet Bains
| Published: Jun 30, 2020
In 1999, researcher Radim Srám, sometimes spelled Radim Šrám, published his article “Impact of Air Pollution on Reproductive Health” in the journal…
LiteratureEffect of air pollution onPollutantsPollutionAir--Pollution
Telomerase in Human Development
By: Zane Bartlett
| Published: Mar 23, 2015
Telomerase is an enzyme that regulates the lengths of telomeres in the cells of many organisms, and in humans it begins to function int the early…
TelomeraseTelomereDNAMolecular BiologySomatic embryogenesis
Effects of Prenatal Alcohol Exposure on Cardiac Development
By: Erica O'Neil
| Published: Apr 30, 2011
A variety of developmental defects occur as a result of prenatal exposure to alcohol (ethanol) in utero. In humans, those defects are collectively…
fetal alcohol syndromeReproductionHuman Development
Teratogens
By: Chanapa Tantibanchachai
| Published: Jan 22, 2014
Teratogens are substances that may produce physical or functional defects in the human embryo or fetus after the pregnant woman is exposed to the…
Abnormalities, HumanFetusPregnancyTeratogenicity testingEmbryos
Gail Roberta Martin (1944– )
By: Lance Villarreal
| Published: Jul 31, 2019
In the twentieth and early twenty-first centuries, Gail Roberta Martin specialized in biochemistry and embryology, more specifically cellular…
EmbryosEmbryos--PhysiologyEmbryos--AnatomyBlastocystRetrovirus Infections
Merck & Company's Development of Gardasil
By: Maeen Arslan
| Published: Jun 28, 2022
In 2006, the United States branch of Merck & Co. received FDA approval for Gardasil, a human papillomavirus, or HPV, vaccine that protects…
OrganizationCervix uteri--CancerPapillomavirusesVaccine mandatesMeasles vaccine
Hedgehog Signaling Pathway
By: Dorothy R. Haskett
| Published: Jul 30, 2015
The hedgehog signaling pathway is a mechanism that directs the development of embryonic cells in animals, from invertebrates to vertebrates. The…
EmbryologyEmbryosWieschaus, Eric F.Cellular signal transductionDrosophila melanogaster
"Viable Offspring Derived from Fetal and Adult Mammalian Cells" (1997), by Ian Wilmut et al.
By: Zane Bartlett
| Published: Oct 10, 2014
In the 1990s, Ian Wilmut, Jim McWhir, and Keith Campbell performed experiments while working at the Roslin Institute in Roslin, Scotland. Wilmut,…
CloningMolecular CloningClone CellsCampbell, Keith, 1954-2012Roslin Institute
Human Evolution Inferred from Tooth Growth and Development
By: Kate MacCord
| Published: Mar 28, 2013
To study human evolution, researchers sometimes use microstructures found in human teeth and their knowledge of the processes by which those…
EvolutionteethDental EnamelFossilsHuman Evolution