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In 2008 researchers Daniel Warner and Richard Shine tested the Charnov-Bull model by conducting experiments on the Jacky dragon (Amphibolurus…
ExperimentsSex DifferentiationReproductionAdaptationfetal developmentMultiplex Automated Genome Engineering, or MAGE, is a genome editing technique that enables scientists to quickly edit an organism’s DNA to produce…
TechnologyGenetic EngineeringGenetic engineering industryGenetic epidemiologyGene librariesThe American Eugenics Society (AES) was established in the US by Madison Grant, Harry H. Laughlin, Henry Crampton, Irving Fisher, and Henry F.…
OrganizationsEugenicsHeredity, HumanHeredityInvoluntary SterilizationWilhelm Johannsen in Denmark first proposed the distinction between genotype and phenotype in the study of heredity in 1909. This distinction is…
Johannsen, W. (Wilhelm), 1857-1927Genotype-environment interactionPhenotypeHeredityGeneticsCellular automata (CA) are mathematical models used to simulate complex systems or processes. In several fields, including biology, physics, and…
Von Neumann, John, 1903-1957ModelsEvolutionIn 1828, while working at the University of Konigsberg in Konigsberg, Germany Karl Ernst von Baer proposed four laws of animal development, which…
Baer, Karl Ernst von, 1792-1876EmbryologyAnatomy, ComparativeTooth enamel contains relics of its formation process, in the form of microstructures, which indicate the incremental way in which it forms. These…
EvolutionteethDental EnamelHuman EvolutionAnatomyAugust Friedrich Leopold Weismann studied how the traits of organisms developed and evolved in a variety of organisms, mostly insects and aquatic…
Germ CellsHeredityIn the early twentieth century, Paul Kammerer, a zoologist working at the Vivarium in Vienna, Austria, experimented on sea-squirts (Ciona…
Sea SquirtsCiona intestinalisKammerer, Paul, 1880-1926Laboratory animals--Breeding--ExperimentsAdaptationIn the early twentieth century, Paul Kammerer conducted a series of experiments to demonstrate that organisms could transmit characteristics acquired…
Kammerer, Paul, 1880-1926SalamandraLaboratory animals--Breeding--ExperimentsLamarck, Jean Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet de, 1744-1829. Philosophie zoologique. EnglishHeredity