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Rosalind Elsie Franklin worked with X-ray crystallography at King's College London, UK, and she helped determine the helical structure of DNA in the…
PeopleDNAX-Ray CrystallographyMolecular geneticsMolecular BiologyIn 1969, Roy J. Britten and Eric H. Davidson published Gene Regulation for Higher Cells: A Theory, in Science. A Theory proposes a minimal model…
LiteratureGenetic regulationCell differentiationEvolutionGenesThe Human Papillomavirus (HPV) strains 16 and 18 are the two most common HPV strains that lead to cases of genital cancer. HPV is the most commonly…
PapillomavirusesHuman Papilloma VirusHuman papillomavirus 16Human papillomavirus 18Uterine Cervical NeoplasmsIn 2018, He Jiankui uploaded a series of videos to a YouTube channel titled “The He Lab” that detailed one of the first instances of a successful…
Literaturegene editingGenome EditingCRISPR (Genetics)CRISPR-associated protein 9Telomeres are structures at the ends of DNA strands that get longer in the DNA of sperm cells as males age. That phenomenon is different for most…
TelomereAgingSpermSpermatozoaTelomeraseLysogenic bacteria, or virus-infected bacteria, were the primary experimental models used by scientists working in the laboratories of the Pasteur…
ContextInstitut Pasteur (Paris, France)BacteriaEscherichia coliMonod, JacquesOswald Theodore Avery studied strains of pneumococcus of the genus Streptococcus in the US in the first half of the twentieth century. This bacterium…
Bacterial TransformationDNAHeredityPathologyImmunologyWhen cells-but not DNA-from two or more genetically distinct individuals combine to form a new individual, the result is called a chimera. Though…
ContextChimerismEmbryosEmbryonic Stem CellsMosaicismY-chromosomes exist in the body cells of many kinds of male animals.
Y ChromosomeX chromosomeSex ChromosomesChromosomesSex ChromatinMax Ludwig Henning Delbrick applied his knowledge of theoretical physics to biological systems such as bacterial viruses called bacteriophages, or…
Meselson, MatthewUniversity of RochesterDNA ReplicationBacteriophagesEscherichia coli