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In 2003, Carmina Gisbert and her research team produced a tobacco plant that could remove lead from soil. To do so, they inserted a gene from wheat…
PhytoremediationtobaccoLeadSoil PollutioncadmiumBoris Ephrussi studied fruit flies, yeast, and mouse genetics and development while working in France and the US during the twentieth century. In…
Transplantation of organs, tissues, etc.MutationTissue cultureDrosophilaTissue TransplantationIn 1990, Thomas J. Bouchard and his colleagues published the paper “Sources of Human Psychological Differences: The Minnesota Study of Twins Reared…
LiteratureNature and nurtureGeneticsHeredityTwin StudyAngelman syndrome is a disorder in humans that causes neurological symptoms such as lack of speech, jerky movements, and insomnia. A human cell has…
Angelman syndromeGenomic imprintingHuman chromosome 15--AbnormalitiesHuman chromosome 15Happy Puppet SyndromeIn 'Altruism and the Origin of the Worker Caste,' Bert Hölldobler and Edward Osborne Wilson explore the evolutionary origins of worker ants. '…
LiteratureAntsInsect societiesKin selection (Evolution)EvolutionWhen cells-but not DNA-from two or more genetically distinct individuals combine to form a new individual, the result is called a chimera. Though…
ContextChimerismEmbryosEmbryonic Stem CellsMosaicismMax Ludwig Henning Delbrick applied his knowledge of theoretical physics to biological systems such as bacterial viruses called bacteriophages, or…
Meselson, MatthewUniversity of RochesterDNA ReplicationBacteriophagesEscherichia coliBy 2011, researchers in the US had established that non-invasive blood tests can accurately determine the gender of a human fetus as early as seven…
ContextDiagnostic sex determinationSex PreselectionFetusSex Determination AnalysisBetween 1957 and 1959, Arthur Pardee, Francois Jacob, and Jacques Monod conducted a set of experiments at the Pasteur Institute in Paris, France,…
Genetic transformationGenetic recombinationEnzyme KineticsMessenger RNANobel Prize winnersBarbara McClintock conducted experiments on corn (Zea mays) in the United States in the mid-twentieth century to study the structure and function of…
TransposonsCornCytogeneticsChromosomesGenetics