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Lysogenic Bacteria as an Experimental Model at the Pasteur Institute (1915-1965)
By: Valerie Racine
| Published: Oct 10, 2014
Lysogenic bacteria, or virus-infected bacteria, were the primary experimental models used by scientists working in the laboratories of the Pasteur…
ContextInstitut Pasteur (Paris, France)BacteriaEscherichia coliMonod, Jacques
Frazer v. Schlegel (2007)
By: Alexis Darby
| Published: Aug 04, 2021
On 20 August 2007, in Frazer v. Schlegel, the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit decided that researchers Ian Frazer and Jian…
LawFrazer, I. H. (Ian H.)Zhou, JianGlaxoSmithKlineZur Hausen, Harald
Ectoderm
By: Kate MacCord
| Published: Dec 02, 2013
Ectoderm is one of three germ layers--groups of cells that coalesce early during the embryonic life of all animals except maybe sponges, and from…
EmbryosEmbryologyGastrulationCellsTissues
The Marine Biological Laboratory
By: Jane Maienschein
| Published: Oct 24, 2008
The Marine Biological Laboratory (MBL) was founded in 1888 in Woods Hole, Massachusetts. Woods Hole was already the site for the government 's US…
Marine Biological Laboratory (Woods Hole, Mass.)OrganizationsEducationLaboratories
The Marine Biological Laboratory Embryology Course
By: Jane Maienschein
| Published: Oct 24, 2007
The Marine Biological Laboratory (MBL) in Woods Hole, Massachusetts, began in 1888 to offer opportunities for instruction and research in biological…
OrganizationsMarine Biological Laboratory (Woods Hole, Mass.)EmbryologyMarine laboratoriesWhitman, Charles Otis, 1842-1910
Digit Regeneration Is Regulated by Msx1 and BMP4 in Fetal Mice (2003), by Manjong Han et al.
By: Joe Brinkman
| Published: Apr 13, 2015
In the early 2000s, Manjong Han, Xiaodang Yang, Jennifer Farrington, and Ken Muneoka investigated how genes and proteins in fetal mice (Mus musculus…
Regeneration (Biology)MiceRegenerationHomeobox genesBone Morphogenetic Proteins
“Survival of Mouse Embryos Frozen to -196 ° and -269 °C” (1972), by David Whittingham, Stanley Leibo, and Peter Mazur
By: Risa Aria Schnebly
| Published: Oct 01, 2020
In 1972, David Whittingham, Stanley Leibo, and Peter Mazur published the paper, “Survival of Mouse Embryos Frozen to -196 ° and -269 °C,” hereafter…
LiteratureCultures (Biology)--CryopreservationCells--CryopreservationMolecular weightsCryobiology
"CRISPR /Cas9-mediated Gene Editing in Human Tripronuclear Zygotes" (2015), by Junjiu Huang et al.
By: Meilin Zhu
| Published: Nov 08, 2017
In 2015, Junjiu Huang and his colleagues reported their attempt to enable CRISPR/cas 9-mediated gene editing in nonviable human zygotes for the first…
LiteratureDoudna, Jennifer A.Charpentier, Emmanuelle, 1968-Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic RepeatsCRISPR-Cas Systems
David Edwin Wildt (1950- )
By: Caroline Appleton
| Published: Jul 24, 2014
David Edwin Wildt developed and applied assisted reproductive technologies to conserve rare and endangered wildlife species in the US during the…
CheetahFertilization in VitroEmbryo transplantationReproductive technologyEndangered Species
Preformationism in the Enlightenment
By: Cera R. Lawrence
| Published: Aug 11, 2008
Preformationism was a theory of embryological development used in the late seventeenth through the late eighteenth centuries. This theory held that…
OvaSperm