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During the twentieth century in the United States, Bernadine Patricia Healy was a cardiologist who served as the first female director of the…
National Institutes of Health (U.S.)Harvard Medical SchoolMyocardial InfarctionPrenatal exposure to alcohol (ethanol) can result in a continuum of developmental abnormalities that are highly variable depending on the severity,…
fetal alcohol syndromeReproductionHuman DevelopmentFetusIn Davis v. Davis (1992), the Supreme Court of Tennessee decided a dispute over cryopreserved preembryos in favor of Junior Lewis Davis, who sought…
LawFrozen human embryosFertilization in VitroAmerican Fertility SocietyConceptionIn 1962 researcher John Bertrand Gurdon at the University of Oxford in Oxford, England, conducted a series of experiments on the developmental…
Cell nuclei--TransplantationGenetic EngineeringNuclear TransplantationUniversity College (University of Oxford)Xenopus laevisDuring the 1870s and early 1880s, the British morphologist Francis Maitland Balfour contributed in important ways to the budding field of…
BiographyEvolutionIn 2012, Jennifer Doudna, Emmanuelle Charpentier from the University of California, Berkeley, in Berkeley, California, and Umeå University in Umeå,…
gene editingStreptococcus pyogenesTranscription Activator-Like Effector NucleasesscFV green fluorescent protein, recombinantClustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic RepeatsIn 2004, Amanda J. Drake and Brian R. Walker published “The Intergenerational Effects of Fetal Programming: Non-genomic Mechanisms for the…
LiteratureReproductive HealthGestationFetal MonitoringFetal DistressPierre Constant Budin worked in France to improve the lives of newborns and their mothers during the late nineteenth century. Budin stressed the…
Budin, P. (Pierre), 1846-1907BreastfeedingPremature InfantsBreast milkFetusJohn von Neumann was a Hungarian mathematician who made important contributions to mathematics, physics, computer science, and the area of artificial…
PeopleReproductionBiographyIn 1975, the United States Congress passed the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, referred to as the IDEA, which codified the right of all…
LawDisability EvaluationDisability awarenessIntellectual DisabilityPeople with mental disabilities