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Lysogenic Bacteria as an Experimental Model at the Pasteur Institute (1915-1965)
By: Valerie Racine
| Published: Oct 10, 2014
Lysogenic bacteria, or virus-infected bacteria, were the primary experimental models used by scientists working in the laboratories of the Pasteur…
ContextInstitut Pasteur (Paris, France)BacteriaEscherichia coliMonod, Jacques
Frank Rattray Lillie's Study of Freemartins (1914-1920)
By: Mary Drago
| Published: Mar 14, 2014
Frank Rattray Lillie's research on freemartins from 1914 to 1920 in the US led to the theory that hormones partly caused for sex differentiation in…
Lillie, Frank Rattray, 1870-1947Intersexuality in animalsFreemartinismHormonesExperiments
International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (2001)
By: Marci Baranski
| Published: Oct 07, 2013
The International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, referred to as the Plant Treaty, was approved on 3 November 2001 by…
LawGermplasm resources, PlantGermplasm resources, Plant--Law and legislationbiodiversityUnited Nations associations
Philippe Ricord (1800–1889)
By: Eboni E. Andersun
| Published: Aug 26, 2024
Philippe Ricord was a nineteenth-century physician and surgeon in France who studied syphilis and demonstrated that it is different from gonorrhea.…
SyphilisGonorrheaSexually Transmitted DiseasesChancreReproductive Health
Pierre Franco (1505–1578)
By: Grace Rauch
| Published: Aug 07, 2024
Pierre Franco was a surgeon in Europe in the sixteenth century who developed a variety of surgical procedures, including some to repair hernias,…
Cleft PalateDevelopmental DisordersCleft LipHerniaCataract
Franklin William Stahl (1929– )
By: Victoria Hernandez
| Published: Jul 20, 2017
Franklin William Stahl studied DNA replication, bacteriophages, and genetic recombination in the US during the mid-twentieth and early twenty-first…
DNA SequenceNucleotide sequenceDNA ReplicationDNA--SynthesisDNA replication--Regulation
1,000 Genomes Project (2008–2015)
By: Matthew Tontonoz
| Published: Aug 10, 2025
The 1,000 Genomes Project, which began in 2008, was an international effort to create a detailed and publicly accessible catalog of human genetic…
Human genomeHuman Genome ProjectGenome-Wide Association StudyWhole Genome SequencingNational Human Genome Research Institute (U.S.)
Sanger Sequencing
By: Tea Zawilak
| Published: Aug 08, 2025
Sanger sequencing is a laboratory method that scientists use to determine the sequence of nucleotides within a piece of deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA…
Sequence Analysis, DNAGenomicsPolymerase chain reactionNucleotide sequenceGenetics
Mary Ainsworth (1913–1999)
By: Nolina Doud
| Published: Jul 09, 2025
Mary Dinsmore Salter Ainsworth conducted research in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Uganda, in the mid-twentieth century, on how…
psychologyPsychology, DevelopmentalFamily TherapyAttachment behavior in childrenAttachment disorder
Oliver Smithies (1925–2017)
By: Alexander Sastokas
| Published: Jun 30, 2025
Oliver Smithies researched physical chemistry, biochemistry, and genetics in England, Canada, and the United States during the twentieth and early…
Genetic TechniquesElectrophoresis, Starch GelMice, KnockoutGenetics--ResearchElectrophoresis