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On 9 July 1990, in Moore v. Regents of the University of California, the Supreme Court of California ruled in a four-to-three decision that…
LawMedical laws and legislationLegal MedicineRight of propertyRight of property--United States--HistoryIn Davis v. Davis (1992), the Supreme Court of Tennessee decided a dispute over cryopreserved preembryos in favor of Junior Lewis Davis, who sought…
LawFrozen human embryosFertilization in VitroAmerican Fertility SocietyConceptionThe hedgehog signaling pathway is a mechanism that directs the development of embryonic cells in animals, from invertebrates to vertebrates. The…
EmbryologyEmbryosWieschaus, Eric F.Cellular signal transductionDrosophila melanogasterIn the second half of the twentieth century, scientists learned how to clone organisms in some species of mammals. Scientists have applied somatic…
CloningCell nuclei--TransplantationSpemann, Hans, 1869-1941Genetic EngineeringTheodor Boveri investigated the mechanisms of heredity. He developed the chromosomal theory of inheritance and the idea of chromosomal individuality…
PeopleHeredityBiographyIn 2012, a team of scientists across the US conducted an experiment to find the mechanism that allowed a group of flatworms, planarians, to…
Regeneration (Biology)GeneticsPlanariansGenesWound HealingAlejandro Sánchez Alvarado's laboratory group has employed molecular tools to investigate old questions about regeneration and as a result have…
RegenerationExperimentsThe Y-chromosome is one of a pair of chromosomes that determine the genetic sex of individuals in mammals, some insects, and some plants. In the…
Y ChromosomeSex ChromosomesEmbryosDNAChromosomesDuring the mid-nineteenth century, Johann Gregor Mendel experimented with pea plants to develop a theory of inheritance. In 1843, while a monk in the…
GeneticsPeasLegumesPhenotypePlant breedingThe Notch signaling pathway is a mechanism in animals by which adjacent cells communicate with each other, conveying spatial information and genetic…
EmbryologyDevelopmental BiologyEmbryosCell differentiationNotch genes