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Intraspecies Chimeras Produced in Laboratory Settings (1960-1975)
By: Sarah Taddeo
| Published: Nov 25, 2014
When cells-but not DNA-from two or more genetically distinct individuals combine to form a new individual, the result is called a chimera. Though…
ContextChimerismEmbryosEmbryonic Stem CellsMosaicism
The Interpretation of Development and Heredity (1930), by Edward Stuart Russell
By: Mark A. Ulett
| Published: Jan 31, 2011
First published in 1930 and reprinted in 1972, Edward Stuart Russell's The Interpretation of Development and Heredity is a work of philosophical and…
LiteratureHeredityPublications
Spemann-Mangold Organizer
By: Samuel Philbrick, Erica O'Neil
| Published: Jan 12, 2012
The Spemann-Mangold organizer, also known as the Spemann organizer, is a cluster of cells in the developing embryo of an amphibian that induces…
EmbryosAmphibiansSpemann, Hans, 1869-1941EmbryologyGastrulation
Evangelium Vitae (1995), by Pope John Paul II
By: Katherine Brind'Amour, Benjamin Garcia
| Published: Nov 11, 2007
The encyclical entitled "Evangelium Vitae," meaning "The Gospel of Life," was promulgated on 25 March 1995 by Pope John Paul II in Rome, Italy. The…
LiteratureJohn Paul II, Pope, 1920-2005religionReproductionCatholicism
Leon Richard Kass (1939- )
By: Samuel Philbrick
| Published: Nov 17, 2010
A PhD and medical doctor turned ethicist, Leon Kass calls himself an unlicensed humanist. Throughout his unique career he has sought to impact others…
PeoplebioethicsethicsReproductionBiography
Germ Layers
By: Kate MacCord
| Published: Sep 17, 2013
A germ layer is a group of cells in an embryo that interact with each other as the embryo develops and contribute to the formation of all organs and…
GastrulationEmbryologyCell differentiationEmbryosCells
Ectoderm
By: Kate MacCord
| Published: Dec 02, 2013
Ectoderm is one of three germ layers--groups of cells that coalesce early during the embryonic life of all animals except maybe sponges, and from…
EmbryosEmbryologyGastrulationCellsTissues
Pope Innocent XI (1611-1689)
By: Benjamin Garcia, Katherine Brind'Amour
| Published: Nov 11, 2007
Pope Innocent XI, born Benedetto Odescalchi, made considerable contributions to the Roman Catholic approach to embryology by condemning several…
PeoplereligionReproductionCatholicismPopes
John Bertrand Gurdon (1933- )
By: Inbar Maayan, Sean Cohmer
| Published: Oct 11, 2012
Sir John Bertrand Gurdon further developed nuclear transplantation, the technique used to clone organisms and to create stem cells, while working in…
Cell nuclei--TransplantationCellsCloningStem CellsEmbryonic Stem Cells
Andrew Francis Dixon (1868-1936)
By: S. Alexandra Aston
| Published: Apr 01, 2014
Andrew Francis Dixon studied human anatomy and egg cells at the turn of the twentieth century in Ireland and Great Britain. Dixon studied the sensory…
Nerves, CranialPolar BodiesMeiosis