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The Guthrie test, also called the PKU test, is a diagnostic tool to test infants for phenylketonuria a few days after birth. To administer the…
TechnologyGuthrie, Robert, 1916-1995PhenylketonuriaMental RetardationAmino acids--Metabolism--DisordersTechnologyColposcopyVagina--ExaminationColpomicroscopyPap Test
Between 1991 and 1994, Christian Peeters and Bert Hölldobler studied the reproductive behaviors of the Indian jumping ant (Harpegnathos saltator), a…
AntsPoneraInsectsWorkers (Insects)Queens (Insects)In 1965, Austin Bradford Hill published the article “The Environment and Disease: Association or Causation?” in the Proceedings of the Royal Society…
LiteratureHill, A. Bradford (Austin Bradford), 1897-1991Doll, RichardRoyal Society of Medicine (Great Britain). Section of Occupational MedicinecausationThe book Infant Mortality: Results of a Field Study in Johnstown, PA., Based on Births in One Calendar Year (1915), written by Emma Duke, detailed…
Infants--MortalitySocial WelfareMilkpublic healthRural HealthIn 1990, researcher Jane Hurst and her colleagues published “An Extended Family With a Dominantly Inherited Speech Disorder,” in which they proposed…
LiteratureGeneticsGenetic and developmental diseases and disordersapraxiaLinguisticsIn the 1950s and 1960s, researchers Leon Chesley, John Annitto, and Robert Cosgrove investigated the possible familial factor for the conditions of…
Chesley, Leon C., 1908-2000PreeclampsiaEclampsiaMargaret Hague Maternity Hospital (Jersey City, N.J.)PregnancyIn 1980, Ernesto Ippolito and Ignacio Ponseti published their results on a histological study they performed on congenital club foot in human fetuses…
ClubfootPonseti, I. V. (Ignacio V.), 1914-2009Abnormalities, HumanHistologyHistology, PathologicalIn 1962 researcher John Bertrand Gurdon at the University of Oxford in Oxford, England, conducted a series of experiments on the developmental…
Cell nuclei--TransplantationGenetic EngineeringNuclear TransplantationUniversity College (University of Oxford)Xenopus laevisAlexandre Lion established incubator charities in the late 1890s in France to promote his infant incubator. Lion’s infant incubators kept premature…
OrganizationIncubatorsPremature InfantsPerinatologyIncubators, Infant