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During the twentieth century in the United States, Alfred Day Hershey studied phages, or viruses that infect bacteria, and experimentally verified…
Hershey, A. D. (Alfred Day), 1908-Bacteriophage lambdaPhage lambdaBacteriophages--GeneticsBacteriophagesBetween 1953 and 1957, before the Meselson-Stahl experiment verified semi-conservative replication of DNA, scientists debated how DNA replicated. In…
ChromosomesCalifornia Institute of TechnologyCold Spring Harbor LaboratoryDNA ReplicationJames David Ebert studied the developmental processes of chicks and of viruses in the US during the twentieth century. He also helped build and grow…
PeopleBiographyCarnegie Institution of WashingtonLaboratoriesIn 2018, researchers Elie Nkwabong, Romuald Meboulou Nguel, Nelly Kamgaing, and Anne Sylvie Keddi Jippe published, “Knowledge, Attitudes, and…
LiteratureHIV-positive womenHIV-positive childrenHIV (Viruses)HIV infectionsLennart Nilsson is a world-renowned photojournalist recognized for his exploratory images of the inside of the human body. Throughout his career,…
PeopleReproductionBiographyHuman DevelopmentMorphologyLeonard Hayflick in the US during the early 1960s showed that normal populations of embryonic cells divide a finite number of times. He published his…
Cell DivisionBiology, ExperimentalCells, CulturedEmbryo Culture Techniquescell agingIn 1951 and 1952, Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase conducted a series of experiments at the Carnegie Institute of Washington in Cold Spring Harbor,…
BacteriophagesDNACold Spring Harbor LaboratoryProtein PrecursorsAmino Acid SequenceIn 2011, United Kingdom pharmaceutical company GlaxoSmithKline released Cervarix, a vaccination series protecting girls and women from two strains of…
TechnologyCervical CancerCancer VaccineCancer of the CervixVaccinesTeratogens are substances that may produce physical or functional defects in the human embryo or fetus after the pregnant woman is exposed to the…
Abnormalities, HumanFetusPregnancyTeratogenicity testingEmbryosThe HeLa cell line was the first immortal human cell line that George Otto Gey, Margaret Gey, and Mary Kucibek first isolated from Henrietta Lacks…
HeLa CellsContinuous cell linesResearch EthicsInformed consent (Medical law)Cervix uteri--Cancer