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In this paper Viktor Hamburger and Rita Levi-Montalcini collaborated to examine the effects of limb transplantation and explantation on neural…
Chickens--EmbryosDevelopmental BiologyCell differentiationEmbryosLevi-Montalcini, RitaLysogenic bacteria, or virus-infected bacteria, were the primary experimental models used by scientists working in the laboratories of the Pasteur…
ContextInstitut Pasteur (Paris, France)BacteriaEscherichia coliMonod, JacquesOn 20 August 2007, in Frazer v. Schlegel, the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit decided that researchers Ian Frazer and Jian…
LawFrazer, I. H. (Ian H.)Zhou, JianGlaxoSmithKlineZur Hausen, HaraldEctoderm is one of three germ layers--groups of cells that coalesce early during the embryonic life of all animals except maybe sponges, and from…
EmbryosEmbryologyGastrulationCellsTissuesIn the early 2000s, Manjong Han, Xiaodang Yang, Jennifer Farrington, and Ken Muneoka investigated how genes and proteins in fetal mice (Mus musculus…
Regeneration (Biology)MiceRegenerationHomeobox genesBone Morphogenetic ProteinsIn 1972, David Whittingham, Stanley Leibo, and Peter Mazur published the paper, “Survival of Mouse Embryos Frozen to -196 ° and -269 °C,” hereafter…
LiteratureCultures (Biology)--CryopreservationCells--CryopreservationMolecular weightsCryobiologyIn 2015, Junjiu Huang and his colleagues reported their attempt to enable CRISPR/cas 9-mediated gene editing in nonviable human zygotes for the first…
LiteratureDoudna, Jennifer A.Charpentier, Emmanuelle, 1968-Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic RepeatsCRISPR-Cas SystemsDavid Edwin Wildt developed and applied assisted reproductive technologies to conserve rare and endangered wildlife species in the US during the…
CheetahFertilization in VitroEmbryo transplantationReproductive technologyEndangered SpeciesPreformationism was a theory of embryological development used in the late seventeenth through the late eighteenth centuries. This theory held that…
OvaSpermThe article Experimental Studies on Congenital Malformations was published in the Journal of Chronic Diseases in 1959. The author, James G. Wilson,…
LiteratureAbnormalities, HumanBirth DefectsTeratologymalformations