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In 1916, eugenicist Madison Grant published the book The Passing of the Great Race; or The Racial Basis of European History, hereafter The Passing of…
LiteratureEugenicsNuremberg War Crime Trials, Nuremberg, Germany, 1946-1949Involuntary sterilization--Law and legislationInterracial marriage--United StatesThe "Humanae Vitae," meaning "Of Human Life" and subtitled "On the Regulation of Birth," was an encyclical promulgated in Rome, Italy, on 25 July…
LiteratureReproductive RightsreligionReproductionCatholicismIn 2017, Julie Carré, Nicolas Gatimel, Jessika Moreau, Jean Parinaud, and Roger Léandri published “Does Air Pollution Play a Role in Infertility?: a…
LiteratureFertility, HumanReproductionFertilization (Biology)Fertilization in VitroIn the early twentieth century, Paul Kammerer, a zoologist working at the Vivarium in Vienna, Austria, experimented on sea-squirts (Ciona…
Sea SquirtsCiona intestinalisKammerer, Paul, 1880-1926Laboratory animals--Breeding--ExperimentsAdaptationBetween 1957 and 1959, Arthur Pardee, Francois Jacob, and Jacques Monod conducted a set of experiments at the Pasteur Institute in Paris, France,…
Genetic transformationGenetic recombinationEnzyme KineticsMessenger RNANobel Prize winnersPope Pius XII was born Eugenio Maria Giuseppi Giovanni Pacelli on 2 March 1876 in Rome, Italy, to Virginia and Filippo Pacelli. Known for his oft-…
PeoplereligionReproductionCatholicismPopesOswald Theodore Avery studied strains of pneumococcus of the genus Streptococcus in the US in the first half of the twentieth century. This bacterium…
Bacterial TransformationDNAHeredityPathologyImmunologyOn 7 June 1965, in Griswold v. Connecticut (1965), the United States Supreme Court decided, in a seven to two decision, that married couples have the…
Supreme Court DecisionsJurisprudenceContraceptivesContraceptives, Oral Access to ContraceptionIn 1930, physician Joseph Colt Bloodgood founded the Amanda Sims Memorial Fund, or the ASMF, a United States cancer awareness organization that…
OrganizationCervix uteri--CancerCervical CancerWomen's health servicesWomen's health services--United StatesIn November 2007, Masato Nakagawa, along with a number of other researchers including Kazutoshi Takahashi, Keisuke Okita, and Shinya Yamanaka,…
LiteratureStem CellsPublicationsExperimentsMice