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Ina May Gaskin is a certified professional midwife, or CPM, in the US during the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. She worked at the…
PeopleChildbirthChildbirth teachersChildbirth at homeChildbirth in literatureIn 1978 Social Science and Medicine published Barbara L.K. Pillsbury's article, 'Doing the Month': Confinement and Convalescence of Chinese Women…
LiteratureMedicine, ChineseTraditional Chinese MedicinePostpartum DepressionPostpartum PeriodThe Boys from Brazil is a science fiction film based on the novel of the same name by Ira Levin about an underground neo-Nazi society in South…
LiteratureEugenicsGenetic EngineeringReproductive technologyBiotechnologyIn 2014, Mary Dore directed the documentary 'She’s Beautiful When She’s Angry,' which details the events and accomplishments of the women’s…
LiteraturefeminismWomen's rightsEqual RightsReproductive HealthThis case was the first of its kind to address questions of personhood in the context of in vitro fertilization of a human embryo. It laid a…
LawFertilizationReproductionbioethicsGeorge Herbert Hitchings researched and developed medications that targeted specific parts of DNA replication processes to treat cancers and various…
Nucleoside analogDNA ReplicationDrug DevelopmentAcyclovirPharmacologyThalidomide is a sedative drug introduced to European markets on 1 October 1957 after extensive testing on rodent embryos to ensure its safety. Early…
ContextTeratogenicity testingAbnormalities, HumanThalidomide--Side effectsThalidomideIn 2017, Laura Geer and colleagues published the results of a study investigating the effects of parabens and antimicrobial compounds on birth…
LiteratureAntiseptics in obstetricsEndocrine disrupting chemicalsLocal Anti-Infective AgentsEmbryonic and Fetal DevelopmentIn 2015, the Public Broadcasting Service, or PBS, released a three-part documentary series, Twice Born–Stories from the Special Delivery Unit,…
LiteratureFetus--SurgerySpina BifidaTeratomaObstetrics--SurgeryIn humans, sex determination is the process that determines the biological sex of an offspring and, as a result, the sexual characteristics that they…
Sex DeterminationGenetic sex determinationIntersex peopleDiscrimination against intersex peopleStevens, N. M. (Nettie Maria), 1861-1912