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Julius von Sachs helped establish plant physiology through his experiments in latter nineteenth-century Germany. Sachs infused the inchoate…
Plant Physiological PhenomenaBiographyPlant physiologyWilliam Stewart Halsted was a surgeon at Johns Hopkins Hospital in Baltimore, Maryland, during the late 1800s and early 1900s. In 1894 Halsted…
MastectomySurgeryAsepsis and antisepsisBreast NeoplasmsBlood TransfusionThe process of gastrulation allows for the formation of the germ layers in metazoan embryos, and is generally achieved through a series of complex…
Haeckel, Ernst, 1834-1919GastrulationAmphibiansFrogsRobert Alan Good was an American physician and scientific researcher who explored the cellular mechanisms of immunity. His research and discoveries…
PeopleBiographyImmunologyKnown by many for his wide-reaching interests and keen thinking, D'Arcy Wentworth Thompson was one of Britain's leading scientific academics in the…
PeopleBiographyMorphologyIn 2012, the production company Waddell Media Production released the documentary The Baby Makers. The four-part series, directed and produced by…
LiteratureFertilization in VitroInfertilityInfertility, FemaleFertilization in vitro, HumanElizabeth Dexter Hay studied the cellular processes that affect development of embryos in the US during the mid-twentieth and early twenty-first…
Electron microscopesExtracellular matrixCorneaCollagenRadioactive substancesJosef Warkany studied the environmental causes of birth defects in the United States in the twentieth century. Warkany was one of the first…
Abnormalities, HumanVitamin ARetinoidsHypervitaminosiscalomelEdmund Beecher Wilson contributed to cell biology, the study of cells, in the US during the end of the nineteenth and the beginning of the twentieth…
EmbryologyCellsCytologyHeredityEvolutionThe Spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian Paradigm: A Critique of the Adaptationist Programme, hereafter called The Spandrels, is an article…
LiteratureGould, Stephen JayEvolutionAdaptationBaer, Karl Ernst von, 1792-1876