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In the 1910s, Alexis Carrel, a French surgeon and biologist, concluded that cells are intrinsically immortal. His claim was based on chick-heart…
ContextCarrel, Alexis, 1873-1944Tissue Culture TechniquesTissue cultureChicksSantiago Felipe Ramon y Cajal investigated brains in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries in Spain. He identified and individuated many components…
NeuronsChickens--EmbryosAxonsThe International Eugenics Congresses consisted of three scientific meetings held in London, England, in 1912 and at the American Museum of Natural…
OrganizationEugenics--United States--HistoryEugenicsNazisNegative EugenicsDavid Michael Rorvik is a science journalist who publicized advancements in the field of reproductive medicine during the late twentieth century.…
Sex PreselectionScience JournalismFamily PlanningParenthoodFertilizationSir John Bertrand Gurdon further developed nuclear transplantation, the technique used to clone organisms and to create stem cells, while working in…
Cell nuclei--TransplantationCellsCloningStem CellsEmbryonic Stem CellsSpina bifida is a birth defect that affects the spines of developing fetuses and infants, and research in the 20th century indicated that chemicals…
Agent OrangeHerbicidesSpina BifidaNeural tube--AbnormalitiesSpinal cord--AbnormalitiesOn 26 April 2014, Gravitas Ventures released the documentary The Milky Way, a film directed by Jon Fitzgerald that compares breastfeeding in the US…
LiteratureBreastfeeding promotionDocumentary-style filmsBreast FeedingBreastfeedingThe Spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian Paradigm: A Critique of the Adaptationist Programme, hereafter called The Spandrels, is an article…
LiteratureGould, Stephen JayEvolutionAdaptationBaer, Karl Ernst von, 1792-1876In 2018, He Jiankui uploaded a series of videos to a YouTube channel titled “The He Lab” that detailed one of the first instances of a successful…
Literaturegene editingGenome EditingCRISPR (Genetics)CRISPR-associated protein 9Victor Ambros is a professor of molecular medicine at the University of Massachusetts Medical School, and he discovered the first microRNA (miRNA) in…
PeopleRNAGenesEmbryosCaenorhabditis elegans