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The "Humanae Vitae," meaning "Of Human Life" and subtitled "On the Regulation of Birth," was an encyclical promulgated in Rome, Italy, on 25 July…
LiteratureReproductive RightsreligionReproductionCatholicismPope Pius XII was born Eugenio Maria Giuseppi Giovanni Pacelli on 2 March 1876 in Rome, Italy, to Virginia and Filippo Pacelli. Known for his oft-…
PeoplereligionReproductionCatholicismPopesIn 1987, the World Health Organization, or WHO, took action to improve the quality of maternal health around the world through the declaration of the…
PregnancyGestationPoorLow-income parentsMothers--MortalityIn 1983, researchers Alan Trounson, John Leeton, Carl Wood, Mandy Besanko, and Angelo Conti published the article “Pregnancy Established in an…
LiteratureFertilization in VitroIn vitro fertilizationEgg donorsTest-Tube BabiesIn A.Z. v. B.Z. (2000), the Supreme Judicial Court of Massachusetts in Boston, Massachusetts, affirmed a lower courtÕs decision, ruling that…
LawFrozen human embryosFertilization in VitroPregnancyEmbryosLaparoscopy, a subfield of endoscopy, is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to examine and operate on the internal organs of the abdomen…
TechnologyLaparoscopyReproductionPope John Paul II's views on abortion and embryology have been very influential to the Roman Catholic Church. He strictly forbade abortion and other…
religionReproductionCatholicismPopesAbortionIn September 2003, Robert L. Goldenberg and Cortney Thompson published the article “The Infectious Origins of Stillbirth” in the American Journal of…
LiteratureFetal deathInfectionQ FeverMalaria in pregnancyIn humans, multi-fetal pregnancy occurs when a mother carries more than one fetus during the pregnancy. The most common multi-fetal pregnancy is…
ReproductionFetusHuman DevelopmentThe Mother's Health Clinic opened in Phoenix, Arizona, in 1937 and provided women in central Arizona with contraception and family planning resources…
OrganizationSanger, Margaret, 1879-1966ContraceptionArizonaDiaphragms, Vaginal