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In 1916 Edwin B. Cragin in the United States published Conservatism in Obstetrics in which he discussed medical practices and techniques to preserve…
LiteratureObstetricsMaternal-Fetal MedicineChildbirthLabor (Obstetrics)Roberto Caldeyro-Barcia studied fetal health in Uruguay during the second half of the twentieth century. Caldeyro-Barcia developed Montevideo units,…
Fetal MonitoringMonitoring, FetalChildbirthDelivery (Obstetrics)Fetal heart rate monitoringIn 2008, Barranca Productions released a documentary called The Business of Being Born, detailing the topic of childbirth. Ricki Lake and Abby…
LiteratureChildbirthObstetricsParturitionDelivery (Obstetrics)Virginia Apgar and colleagues wrote “Evaluation of the Newborn Infant—Second Report” in 1958. This article explained that Apgar’s system for…
LiteratureApgar ScoreObstetricsChildbirthAnesthesiologyA Treatise on the Theory and Practice of Midwifery is a three volume collection of patient accounts that William Smellie published from 1752 to 1764…
MidwivesObstetrical ForcepsChildbirthObstetricsLabor (Obstetrics)A Treatise on the Theory and Practice of Midwifery is a three volume collection of patient accounts that William Smellie published from 1752 to 1764…
LiteratureMidwivesObstetrical ForcepsChildbirthObstetricsIn the 1964 article, “Pelvic Scoring for Elective Induction,” obstetrician Edward Bishop describes his method to determine whether a doctor should…
LiteratureBishop, Edward H.ChildbirthLabor, Induced (Obstetrics)ObstetricsIn 1992, five maternal-infant health researchers founded Doulas of North America, later renamed DONA International to train certified birth…
OrganizationChildbirthObstetricsDelivery (Obstetrics)Natural childbirth