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In 1999, the Inter-agency Working Group on Reproductive Health in Crises, hereafter the IAWG, wrote the Minimum Initial Services Package, hereafter…
LiteratureRefugee campsChildbirthBirthHIVIn 1907, researchers Bernhardt Kronig and Carl Gauss combined the drugs morphine and scopolamine to induce twilight sleep in women during childbirth…
MorphineScopolamineAnesthesia AdjuvantsAnesthesiaLabor (Obstetrics)In 2013, Lois Uttley, Sheila Reynertson, Larraine Kenny, and Louise Melling published “Miscarriage of Medicine: The Growth of Catholic Hospitals and…
LiteratureAbortionBirth ControlCatholicReproductionIn November 1921, US Congress passed the National Maternity and Infancy Protection Act, also called the Sheppard-Towner Act. The Act provided federal…
LawPrenatal care--Law and legislationMaternal and infant welfare--United StatesPregnancyBirthPrenatal Care is an educational booklet written by Mary Mills West of the US Children’s Bureau and published by the US Government Printing Office in…
LiteraturePrenatal CareUnited States. Children's BureauPrenatal care--Law and legislationPrenatal care--UtilizationHamlin Fistula Ethiopia is a nonprofit organization that began in 1974 as a joint endeavor by Reginald and Catherine Hamlin and the Addis Ababa…
OrganizationHamlin, CatherineAddis Ababa Fistula HospitalVesicovaginal FistulaFistulaPossums is a 174-page book consisting of a series of essays written about the Virginia opossum (Didelphis virginiana), the only living marsupial in…
LiteratureVirginia opossumEmbryologyMarsupialsNatural historyDell Publishing in New York City, New York, published Lennart Nilsson's A Child Is Born in 1966. The book was a translation of the Swedish version…
LiteraturedevelopmentPregnancyfetal developmentFetal GrowthJames Marion Sims developed a treatment for vesico-vaginal fistulas in Montgomery, Alabama in the 1840s. Vesico-vaginal fistulas were a relatively…
TechnologySpeculum (Medicine)Fistula, Vesico-vaginalSurgeryGynecologyJames Marion Sims developed a surgical cure for ruptures of the wall separating the bladder from the vagina during labor, ruptures called vesico-…
PeopleSims, J. Marion (James Marion), 1813-1883Speculum (Medicine)Fistula, Vesico-vaginalSurgery