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Biological Sex and Gender in the United States
By: Risa Aria Schnebly
| Published: Jun 13, 2022
In the United States, most people are assigned both a biological sex and gender at birth based on their chromosomes and reproductive organs.…
GenderGender-nonconforming peopleGender transitionGender expressionGender Nonconformity
Adolescent Family Life Act (1981)
By: Rohini Nott
| Published: Oct 21, 2020
The 1981 Adolescent Family Life Act, or AFLA, is a US federal law that provides federal funding to public and nonprofit private organizations to…
Sexual AbstinenceSexual abstinence--Religious aspects--Catholic ChurchSexual abstinence--Religious aspectsSexual abstinence--Religious aspects--ChristianityChurch schools--Law and legislation--United States
Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act (1990)
By: Jonathan LaTourelle
| Published: Dec 19, 2014
The Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 1990 established the legal framework that governs infertility treatment, medical services ancillary to…
LawEmbryo transplantationReproductive technologyWarnock, Mary, 1808-1900Human reproductive technology
Social Implications of Non-Invasive Blood Tests to Determine the Sex of Fetuses
By: Ceara O'Brien
| Published: Mar 23, 2014
By 2011, researchers in the US had established that non-invasive blood tests can accurately determine the gender of a human fetus as early as seven…
ContextDiagnostic sex determinationSex PreselectionFetusSex Determination Analysis
Skinner v. Oklahoma (1942)
By: Rachel Gur-Arie
| Published: Aug 27, 2016
In 1942, the United States Supreme Court Case of Skinner v. Oklahoma ruled that states could not legally sterilize those inmates of prisons deemed…
LawCompulsory SterilizationSupreme Court DecisionsEugenicsInvoluntary Sterilization
Ethics of Designer Babies
By: Sarah Ly
| Published: Mar 31, 2011
A designer baby is a baby genetically engineered in vitro for specially selected traits, which can vary from lowered disease-risk to gender selection…
ethicsReproductionReproductive RightsGenetic EngineeringEugenics