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During the mid-twentieth century, Virginia Apgar worked as an obstetrical anesthesiologist and gave drugs to women that reduced their pain during childbirth in the US. In 1953, Apgar created a scoring system, called the Apgar score, that uses five measurements, including heart rate and breathing rate. The Apgar score evaluates newborn infants and determines who needs immediate medical attention. Apgar's work helped decrease infant mortality rates. As of 2020, hospitals around the world use the Apgar score.

Virginia Apgar (1909–1974) - Image

By: Anna Guerrero | Published: Aug 12, 2021

During the mid-twentieth century, Virginia Apgar worked as an obstetrical anesthesiologist and gave drugs to women that reduced their pain during c

Apgar ScoreNewborn infants--Medical examinationsNewborn infantsObstetricsInfant, Newborn

The Use of Morphine and Scopolamine to Induce Twilight Sleep

By: Jessica Cartwright | Published: May 02, 2019

In 1907, researchers Bernhardt Kronig and Carl Gauss combined the drugs morphine and scopolamine to induce twilight sleep in women during childbirth…

MorphineScopolamineAnesthesia AdjuvantsAnesthesiaLabor (Obstetrics)

Jesse Bennett (1769–1842)

By: Claire Grayson | Published: Dec 10, 2018

Jesse Bennett, sometimes spelled Bennet, practiced medicine in the US during the late eighteenth century and performed one of the first successful…

Cesarean-born childrenCesarean SectionDelivery (Obstetrics)Obstetrics--SurgeryPregnancy

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