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In 2006, United States pharmaceutical company Merck released the Gardasil vaccination series, which protected recipients against four strains of…
TechnologyHPV VaccinePapillomavirus InfectionsCervical CancerGenital WartsIn 1912, Henry Herbert Goddard published The Kallikak Family: A Study in the Heredity of Feeble-Mindedness, hereafter The Kallikak Family, in which…
LiteratureIntellectual DisabilityMental DeficiencyEugenicsEugenics--United States--HistoryThe North Carolina state legislature passed The Woman’s Right to Know Act in 2011, which places several restrictions on abortion care in the state.…
LawInformed consent (Medical law)Informed consent (Medical law)--United StatesPro-life movementAbortion--Law and legislation--United StatesIn 1996, Michael R. Harrison published “Fetal Surgery” in the American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology. In the article, Harrison describes the…
LiteratureFetus--SurgeryObstetrics--SurgeryFetus--Abnormalities--TreatmentFetal heart--Abnormalities--DiagnosisDysmenorrhea refers to painful menstrual bleeding and often includes symptoms such as cramps in the lower abdominal region, pain radiating down to…
BelladonnaDysmenorrheaWomen's health servicesReproductive HealthMenstruation, PainfulIn humans, sex determination is the process that determines the biological sex of an offspring and, as a result, the sexual characteristics that they…
Sex DeterminationGenetic sex determinationIntersex peopleDiscrimination against intersex peopleStevens, N. M. (Nettie Maria), 1861-1912Menstrual hygiene management, or MHM, is a concept that concerns girls' and women’s access to the appropriate information and resources to manage…
MenstruationMenstruation--Social aspectsFeminine Hygiene ProductsUNICEFUnited Nations and non-member nationsIn 2003, the Texas state legislature passed the Woman’s Right to Know Act, hereafter the Act, as Chapter 171 of the state’s Health and Safety Code.…
LawAbortionAbortion servicesAmerican Civil Liberties UnionFreedom of SpeechIn 1916, eugenicist Madison Grant published the book The Passing of the Great Race; or The Racial Basis of European History, hereafter The Passing of…
LiteratureEugenicsNuremberg War Crime Trials, Nuremberg, Germany, 1946-1949Involuntary sterilization--Law and legislationInterracial marriage--United StatesIn 1904, physician William Henry Walling published Sexology, a family medicine reference book. In his book, Walling proposed that his guidance would…
LiteratureMasturbationCoitus interruptusSexSexology