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Multi-Fetal Pregnancy
By: Corinne DeRuiter
| Published: Jan 01, 2012
In humans, multi-fetal pregnancy occurs when a mother carries more than one fetus during the pregnancy. The most common multi-fetal pregnancy is…
ReproductionFetusHuman Development
Conjoined Twins
By: Corinne DeRuiter
| Published: Nov 03, 2011
Conjoined twins are twins whose bodies are anatomically joined in utero. The degree to which the twins are attached can range from simple, involving…
Twins, ConjoinedReproductionFetus
Twin-to-Twin Transfusion Syndrome
By: Corinne DeRuiter
| Published: Aug 16, 2011
Twin-to-Twin Transfusion Syndrome (TTTS) is a rare placental disease that can occur at any time during pregnancy involving identical twins. TTTS…
Fetofetal TransfusionReproductionFetusCongenital DisordersHuman Development
Diprosopus (Craniofacial Duplication)
By: Corinne DeRuiter
| Published: Aug 16, 2011
Diprosopus is a congenital defect also known as craniofacial duplication. The exact description of diprosopus refers to a fetus with a single trunk,…
Craniofacial AbnormalitiesReproductionFetusCongenital Disorders
Parasitic Twins
By: Corinne DeRuiter
| Published: Aug 16, 2011
Parasitic twins, a specific type of conjoined twins, occurs when one twin ceases development during gestation and becomes vestigial to the fully…
Twins, ConjoinedReproductionFetusCongenital DisordersHuman Development
Gastrulation in Gallus gallus (Domestic Chicken)
By: Corinne DeRuiter, Maria Doty
| Published: Jun 21, 2011
Gastrulation is an early stage in embryo development in which the blastula reorganizes into three germ layers: the ectoderm, the mesoderm, and the…
GastrulationChicks
Hensen's Node
By: Maria Doty, Corinne DeRuiter
| Published: Jun 21, 2011
A node, or primitive knot, is an enlarged group of cells located in the anterior portion of the primitive streak in a developing gastrula. The node…
GastrulationChicks
Nicole Le Douarin and Charles Ordahl's Experiments on the Developmental Lineages of Somites
By: Corinne DeRuiter
| Published: Jan 31, 2011
Through various studies developmental biologists have been able to determine that the muscles of the back, ribs, and limbs derive from somites.…
SomitesExperimentsSomatic cellsVertebrates
Fate Mapping Techniques
By: Corinne DeRuiter
| Published: Nov 19, 2010
For more than 2000 years, embryologists, biologists, and philosophers have studied and detailed the processes that follow fertilization. The…
TechnologyCell Lineage
VACTERL Association
By: Corinne DeRuiter
| Published: Oct 29, 2010
VACTERL association is a term applied to a specific group of abnormalities involving structures derived from the mesoderm. Although the defects of…
VATER syndromeVACTERL associationCongenital Disorders