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Carol Widney Greider (1961-)
By: Zane Bartlett
| Published: Jan 26, 2015
Carol Widney Greider studied telomeres and telomerase in the US at the turn of the twenty-first century. She worked primarily at the University of…
Greider, Carol W.Women Nobel Prize winnersNobel Prize winnersTelomeraseTelomere
Telomeres and Telomerase in Cellular Aging (Senescence)
By: Zane Bartlett
| Published: Feb 11, 2015
Telomeres are sequences of DNA on the ends of chromosomes that protect chromosomes from sticking to each other or tangling, which could cause…
TelomeraseGreider, Carol W.Wistar Institute of Anatomy and BiologyAgingDNA
Telomerase in Human Development
By: Zane Bartlett
| Published: Mar 23, 2015
Telomerase is an enzyme that regulates the lengths of telomeres in the cells of many organisms, and in humans it begins to function int the early…
TelomeraseTelomereDNAMolecular BiologySomatic embryogenesis
Elizabeth Blackburn, Carol Greider and Jack Szostak's Telomere and Telomerase Experiments (1982-1989)
By: Zane Bartlett
| Published: Mar 24, 2015
Experiments conducted by Elizabeth Blackburn, Carol Greider, and Jack Szostak from 1982 to 1989 provided theories of how the ends of chromosomes,…
TelomereGreider, Carol W.Chromosome replicationTelomeraseDNA
The Hayflick Limit
By: Zane Bartlett
| Published: Nov 14, 2014
The Hayflick Limit is a concept that helps to explain the mechanisms behind cellular aging. The concept states that a normal human cell can only…
CellsCell populationsCell DeathApoptosisCell Proliferation
Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer in Mammals (1938-2013)
By: Zane Bartlett
| Published: Nov 04, 2014
In the second half of the twentieth century, scientists learned how to clone organisms in some species of mammals. Scientists have applied somatic…
CloningCell nuclei--TransplantationSpemann, Hans, 1869-1941Genetic Engineering
Paternal Sperm Telomere Elongation and Its Impact on Offspring Fitness
By: Joanna Yang, Zane Bartlett
| Published: Feb 07, 2017
Telomeres are structures at the ends of DNA strands that get longer in the DNA of sperm cells as males age. That phenomenon is different for most…
TelomereAgingSpermSpermatozoaTelomerase
"Sheep Cloned by Nuclear Transfer from a Cultured Cell Line" (1996), by Keith Campbell, Jim McWhir, William Ritchie, and Ian Wilmut
By: Zane Bartlett
| Published: Sep 19, 2014
In 1995 and 1996, researchers at the Roslin Institute in Edinburgh, Scotland, cloned mammals for the first time. Keith Campbell, Jim McWhir, William…
CloningClone CellsCloning, MolecularCloning, OrganismExperiments
Keith Henry Stockman Campbell (1954-2012)
By: Zane Bartlett
| Published: Jun 27, 2014
Keith Henry Stockman Campbell studied embryo growth and cell differentiation during the twentieth and twenty-first centuries in the UK. In 1995,…
Campbell, Keith, 1954-2012Wilmut, IanCloningStem CellsFibroblasts
Leonard Hayflick (1928- )
By: Zane Bartlett
| Published: Jul 20, 2014
Leonard Hayflick studied the processes by which cells age during the twentieth and twenty-first centuries in the United States. In 1961 at the Wistar…
PeopleCellsCell populationsCell DeathApoptosis