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In 2021, the World Health Organization, or WHO, published the sixth edition of their Laboratory Manual for the Examination and Processing of Human…
Semen AnalysisWorld Health OrganizationWHOOrganization, World HealthSemen QualityThe Report of the Committee of Inquiry into Human Fertilisation and Embryology, commonly called the Warnock Report after the chair of the committee…
LiteratureFertilityFertilization in vitro, HumanReproductive technologyEmbryo transplantationKurt Benirschke studied cells, placentas, and endangered species in Germany and the US during the twentieth century. Benirschke was professor at the…
Developmental BiologyGeneticsEndangered SpeciesGene librariesEmbryologyFriedrich Leopold August Weismann published Das Keimplasma: eine Theorie der Vererbung (The Germ-Plasm: a Theory of Heredity, hereafter The Germ-…
LiteratureWeismann, August, 1834-1914. Keimplasma. EnglishGerm CellsHeredityInheritance of acquired charactersThe Chicago Women’s Liberation Union, hereafter Union or CWLU, was a feminist union that operated in Chicago, Illinois, from 1969 to 1977 and was the…
OrganizationWomen's rightsSexismFamily PlanningfeminismSperm capacitation refers to the physiological changes spermatozoa must undergo in order to have the ability to penetrate and fertilize an egg. This…
Sperm CapacitationSpermOvaFertilizationIn 1958, Irving Freiler Stein Sr. published “The Stein-Leventhal Syndrome: A Curable Form of Sterility” documenting his findings on the diagnosis and…
LiteraturePolycystic ovary syndromeSclerocystic Ovarian DegenerationGynecologyInfertilityIn vitro fertilization (IVF) is an assisted reproductive technology (ART) initially introduced by Patrick Steptoe and Robert Edwards in the 1970s to…
TechnologyFertilization in VitroReproductionFertilityFertilizationKarl Oskar Illmensee studied the cloning and reproduction of fruit flies, mice, and humans in the US and Europe during the twentieth and twenty-first…
CloningMolecular CloningClone CellsTwinsEmbryosThe Doula Project, cofounded in 2007 as The Abortion Doula Project by Mary Mahoney, Lauren Mitchell, and Miriam Zoila Perez, is a nonprofit…
OrganizationAbortionPro-choice movementNatural childbirthWomen's health services