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Stump v. Sparkman (1978)
By: Nathaniel Ross
| Published: Aug 23, 2022
On March 28, 1978, in Stump v. Sparkman, hereafter Stump, the United States Supreme Court held, in a five-to-three decision, that judges have…
LawSterilizationSterilization of womenInvoluntary SterilizationJudicial immunity
Skinner v. Oklahoma (1942)
By: Rachel Gur-Arie
| Published: Aug 27, 2016
In 1942, the United States Supreme Court Case of Skinner v. Oklahoma ruled that states could not legally sterilize those inmates of prisons deemed…
LawCompulsory SterilizationSupreme Court DecisionsEugenicsInvoluntary Sterilization
Maurice Ralph Hilleman (1919–2005)
By: Christian H. Ross
| Published: Apr 13, 2017
Maurice Ralph Hilleman developed vaccines at the Merck Institute of Therapeutic Research in West Point, Pennsylvania, during the twentieth century.…
MMR VaccineRubella--VaccinationRubellaCombined VaccinesViral vaccines
Lewis Madison Terman (1877–1956)
By: Cole Nichols
| Published: Feb 25, 2025
Lewis Madison Terman was a researcher and university professor who studied educational psychology and advocated for eugenics in the United States…
EugenicsBinet TestIntelligence testsReproductionIntelligence
The Tuskegee Syphilis Study (1932–1972)
By: Sabrin Mohamed
| Published: Aug 07, 2025
In 1932, the United States Public Health Service, or USPHS, began the Tuskegee Syphilis Study, initially known as the Tuskegee Study of Untreated…
SyphilisTuskegee Syphilis StudyInformed ConsentBlack or African AmericanSyphilis--Research--United States
Birth Control or the Limitation of Offspring (1936), by William J. Robinson
By: Angel Lopez
| Published: Jul 01, 2010
Birth Control or the Limitation of Offspring was written by American eugenics and birth control advocate William J. Robinson. First published in 1916…
LiteratureContraceptionPublicationsReproduction
Hans Asperger (1906-1980)
By: Alexandra Bohnenberger
| Published: Aug 27, 2016
Hans Asperger studied mental abnormalities in children in Vienna, Austria, in the early twentieth century. Asperger was one of the early…
Asperger's syndromeMental HealthPsychiatryChild psychiatryWorld Health Organization
The Kallikak Family: A Study in the Heredity of Feeble-Mindedness (1912), by Henry Herbert Goddard
By: James W. Dennert
| Published: Jul 30, 2021
In 1912, Henry Herbert Goddard published The Kallikak Family: A Study in the Heredity of Feeble-Mindedness, hereafter The Kallikak Family, in which…
LiteratureIntellectual DisabilityMental DeficiencyEugenicsEugenics--United States--History
Sheldon Clark Reed (1910-2003)
By: Cassidy Possehl
| Published: Jun 10, 2017
Sheldon Clark Reed helped establish the profession of genetic counseling in the US during the twentieth century. In 1947 Reed coined the term genetic…
Genetic CounselingCystic FibrosisDrosophilaGeneticsHmong Americans
Pennsylvania Association for Retarded Citizens (PARC) v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania (1972)
By: Nathaniel Ross
| Published: May 26, 2022
In 1972, the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania decided the case of Pennsylvania Association for Retarded Citizens…
LawPeople with mental disabilitiesIntellectual DisabilitySpecial EducationSpecial education schools