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All sexually reproducing, multicellular diploid eukaryotes begin life as embryos. Understanding the stages of embryonic development is vital to…
EukaryotaEukaryotesOntogenyImplantation is a process in which a developing embryo, moving as a blastocyst through a uterus, makes contact with the uterine wall and remains…
FetusPregnancyEmbryologyDevelopmental BiologyEmbryos
Illustration of the movement of the three hemispheres of cells, the animal cap (dark green) the marginal zone (lime green) and the ventral cap (yel
BlastulaGastrulationEctodermEndodermOrganismsJacques Loeb broadened and corrected his earlier claims concerning artificial parthenogenesis in sea urchins in a series of experiments in 1900. He…
ParthenogenesisExperimentsSea UrchinsJacques Loeb showed that scientists could achieve artificial parthenogenesis with some types of annelid worm eggs through a series of experiments in…
ParthenogenesisExperimentsWormsIn 2021, the World Health Organization, or WHO, published the sixth edition of their Laboratory Manual for the Examination and Processing of Human…
Semen AnalysisWorld Health OrganizationWHOOrganization, World HealthSemen QualityJacques Loeb developed procedures to make embryos from unfertilized sea urchin eggs in 1899. Loeb called the procedures "artificial parthenogenesis…
ParthenogenesisExperimentsSea UrchinsIn 1942, the United States Supreme Court Case of Skinner v. Oklahoma ruled that states could not legally sterilize those inmates of prisons deemed…
LawCompulsory SterilizationSupreme Court DecisionsEugenicsInvoluntary SterilizationIn Mills v. Board of Education of District of Columbia (1972), the United States District Court for the District of Columbia held that students with…
LawSpecial EducationPeople with mental disabilitiesPeople with mental disabilities--Services forIntellectual DisabilityOn 30 June 1980, in a five to four decision, the US Supreme Court ruled in the Case Harris v. McRae that the Hyde Amendment of 1976 did not violate…
LawContraceptionUnited States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Departments of Labor and Health, Education, and Welfare, and Related Agencies AppropriationsMedicaidAbortion--Law and legislation--United States