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In the article “The History of Twins, As a Criterion of the Relative Powers of Nature and Nurture,” Francis Galton describes his study of twins.…
LiteratureNature and nurtureGeneticsHeredityTwinsDandy-Walker Syndrome is a congenital brain defect in humans characterized by malformations to the cerebellum, the part of the brain that controls…
Dandy, Walter Edward, 1886-1946Walker, A. Earl (Arthur Earl), 1907-1995HydrocephalusBirth DefectsDandy-Walker SyndromeIn the early 2000s, Manjong Han, Xiaodang Yang, Jennifer Farrington, and Ken Muneoka investigated how genes and proteins in fetal mice (Mus musculus…
Regeneration (Biology)MiceRegenerationHomeobox genesBone Morphogenetic ProteinsCarol Widney Greider studied telomeres and telomerase in the US at the turn of the twenty-first century. She worked primarily at the University of…
Greider, Carol W.Women Nobel Prize winnersNobel Prize winnersTelomeraseTelomereVitamin A (retinol) is an essential vitamin in the daily functioning of human beings that helps regulate cellular differentiation of epithelial…
RetinoidsVitamin A in the bodyTeratogenicity testingAbnormalities, HumanTeratogenic agentsIn re Marriage of Witten, decided by the Iowa Supreme Court in 2003, held that neither Tamera nor Arthur (Trip) Witten could use or destroy several…
LawFrozen human embryosFertilization in VitroEmbryosPregnancyIn 1951 Viktor Hamburger and Howard Hamilton created an embryonic staging series from a combination of photographs and drawings from other…
ChicksMaternal consumption of alcohol (ethanol) during pregnancy can result in a continuum of embryonic developmental abnormalities that vary depending on…
fetal alcohol syndromeReproductionHuman DevelopmentShinya Yamanaka gained international prominence after publishing articles detailing the successful generation of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells…
PeopleStem CellsBiographyJames Alexander Thomson, affectionately known as Jamie Thomson, is an American developmental biologist whose pioneering work in isolating and…
PeopleThomson, James A., Dr.Stem CellsBiography