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Carol Widney Greider studied telomeres and telomerase in the US at the turn of the twenty-first century. She worked primarily at the University of…
Greider, Carol W.Women Nobel Prize winnersNobel Prize winnersTelomeraseTelomereIn the 1990s, researchers working at the Roslin Institute in Edinburgh, Scotland, performed cloning experiments in collaboration with PPL…
CloningChristmas FactorBlood coagulation factor IXRoslin InstituteWilmut, IanIn the case Randy M. Roman v. Augusta N. Roman (2006), the Court of Appeals of Texas followed courts in other states and upheld the validity and…
LawFrozen human embryosFertilization in VitroEmbryo DispositionEmbryoIn September 1979, China's Fifth National People's Congress passed a policy that encouraged one-child families. Following this decision from the…
ContextethicsReproductionFertilityGovernmentThe embryological treatise De formato foetu (The Formed Fetus) was written by anatomist and embryologist Girolamo Fabrici. There is no conclusive…
LiteratureFabricius, ab Aquapendente, approximately 1533-1619FetusPublicationsAnatomy
In 1870, Lewis Albert Sayre, an orthopedic surgeon, published “Partial Paralysis from Reflex Irritation, Caused by Congenital Phimosis and Adherent…
ParalysisPhimosisCircumcision, MaleMale circumcisionCase ReportsIn 1950, physician and researcher Ernst Gräfenberg published “The Role of Urethra in Female Orgasm,” in the International Journal of Sexology. The…
LiteratureFemale orgasmG spotFrigidity (Psychology)UrethraIn 1916, eugenicist Madison Grant published the book The Passing of the Great Race; or The Racial Basis of European History, hereafter The Passing of…
LiteratureEugenicsNuremberg War Crime Trials, Nuremberg, Germany, 1946-1949Involuntary sterilization--Law and legislationInterracial marriage--United StatesIn 2017, Julie Carré, Nicolas Gatimel, Jessika Moreau, Jean Parinaud, and Roger Léandri published “Does Air Pollution Play a Role in Infertility?: a…
LiteratureFertility, HumanReproductionFertilization (Biology)Fertilization in VitroFrom February 2003 to December 2010, researchers of the Management of Myelomeningocele Study, or MOMS, clinical trial compared the safety and…
MeningomyeloceleSpina Bifida CysticaSpina BifidaNewborn infants--SurgeryHydrocephalus