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Dysmenorrhea refers to painful menstrual bleeding and often includes symptoms such as cramps in the lower abdominal region, pain radiating down to…
BelladonnaDysmenorrheaWomen's health servicesReproductive HealthMenstruation, PainfulIn June 2017, the Iowa Supreme Court decided the case Plowman v. Fort Madison Community Hospital, or Plowman v. FMCH, and ruled that women who gave…
LawWrongful lifeWrongful BirthAbnormalities, HumanIowaIn 2012, a team of scientists across the US conducted an experiment to find the mechanism that allowed a group of flatworms, planarians, to…
Regeneration (Biology)GeneticsPlanariansGenesWound HealingLeonard Hayflick in the US during the early 1960s showed that normal populations of embryonic cells divide a finite number of times. He published his…
Cell DivisionBiology, ExperimentalCells, CulturedEmbryo Culture Techniquescell agingEstablished in 1950, the Planned Parenthood Center of Tucson provided Arizona women with family planning resources until 1977, when it expanded to…
OrganizationSanger, Margaret, 1879-1966ContraceptionPlanned Parenthood Federation of AmericaInfertilityIn 2003, Carmina Gisbert and her research team produced a tobacco plant that could remove lead from soil. To do so, they inserted a gene from wheat…
PhytoremediationtobaccoLeadSoil PollutioncadmiumDuring the mid-nineteenth century, Johann Gregor Mendel experimented with pea plants to develop a theory of inheritance. In 1843, while a monk in the…
GeneticsPeasLegumesPhenotypePlant breedingIn an effort to develop tissue culture techniques for long-term tissue cultivation, French surgeon and biologist Alexis Carrel, and his associates,…
Carrel, Alexis, 1873-1944Tissue cultureCellsGerm CellsEmbryosRudolf Carl Virchow lived in nineteenth century Prussia, now Germany, and proposed that omnis cellula e cellula, which translates to each cell comes…
PeopleCellsPathology, CellularPathology, Comparativepublic healthSir Graham Collingwood Liggins devoted much of his professional life to obstetric research. Liggins demonstrated that hormones created by the fetus…
PeopleObstetriciansFetusEmbryosPregnancy