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On 29 June 1988, in Bowen v. Kendrick, the US Supreme Court ruled in a five-to-four decision that the 1981 Adolescent Family Life Act, or AFLA, was…
LawFreedom of religionChurch and stateCourts of last resortSex EducationThis case was the first of its kind to address questions of personhood in the context of in vitro fertilization of a human embryo. It laid a…
LawFertilizationReproductionbioethicsIn 1918, the New York State Court of Appeals in Albany broadened the justification physicians could use to prescribe contraceptives to married…
LawObscenity (Law)Abortion--Law and legislation--United StatesAbortionBirth control clinicsIn the 1962 case Planned Parenthood Committee of Phoenix v. Maricopa County, the Arizona Supreme Court ruled that Arizona Revised Statute 13-213,…
LawContraceptionBirth control clinicsPlanned Parenthood Federation of AmericaAbortionOn 20 August 2007, in Frazer v. Schlegel, the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit decided that researchers Ian Frazer and Jian…
LawFrazer, I. H. (Ian H.)Zhou, JianGlaxoSmithKlineZur Hausen, HaraldIn the 1930 US federal court case United States v. Dennett, Mary Coffin Ware Dennett was cleared of all charges of violating the anti-obscenity…
LawObscenity (Law)Obscenity (Law)--United StatesReproductive health--Law and legislationCommunication in reproductive healthIn 2010, US Congress enacted section 3509 of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act or ACA, to target issues relating to women’s health. The…
LawUnited States. Patient Protection and Affordable Care ActObamacareClinical TrialsWomen's health servicesThe passage of the Virginia Sterilization Act of 1924 demonstrates how science has been used to drive policy throughout history. In the case of the…
LawEugenicsReproductionpublic healthOn March 28, 1978, in Stump v. Sparkman, hereafter Stump, the United States Supreme Court held, in a five-to-three decision, that judges have…
LawSterilizationSterilization of womenInvoluntary SterilizationJudicial immunity