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Phalloplasty
By: Riley McInnis
| Published: May 11, 2022
Phalloplasty is a type of surgery that takes existing skin, tissue, and nerves from surrounding areas on a patient’s body to repair or form a…
TechnologyPhalloplastyGender Reassignment SurgeryGender transitionSurgery, Plastic
Copper Intrauterine Device (IUD)
By: Victoria Higginbotham
| Published: Jul 05, 2018
The copper intrauterine device, or IUD, is a long-term, reversible contraceptive first introduced by Howard Tatum and Jamie Zipper in 1967. Health…
ContraceptivesCopper intrauterine contraceptivesDalkon Shield (Intrauterine contraceptive)Levonorgestrel intrauterine contraceptivesNorgestrel
"Developmental Effects of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals in Wildlife and Humans" (1993), by Theo Colborn, Frederick S. vom Saal, and Ana M. Soto
By: Jennifer R. Craer
| Published: Jan 10, 2014
Developmental Effects of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals in Wildlife and Humans, was published in 1993 in Environmental Health Perspectives. In the…
LiteratureEndocrine disrupting chemicalsEmbryologyfetal developmentendocrine disruptors
Pierre Franco (1505–1578)
By: Grace Rauch
| Published: Aug 07, 2024
Pierre Franco was a surgeon in Europe in the sixteenth century who developed a variety of surgical procedures, including some to repair hernias,…
Cleft PalateDevelopmental DisordersCleft LipHerniaCataract
Oswald Theodore Avery (1877-1955)
By: Samantha Hauserman
| Published: Dec 12, 2013
Oswald Theodore Avery studied strains of pneumococcus of the genus Streptococcus in the US in the first half of the twentieth century. This bacterium…
Bacterial TransformationDNAHeredityPathologyImmunology
“A Syndrome of Infantilism, Congenital Webbed Neck, and Cubitus Valgus” (1938), by Henry Hubert Turner
By: Megha Pillai
| Published: Jul 02, 2024
In 1938, physician Henry Hubert Turner published “A Syndrome of Infantilism, Congenital Webbed Neck, and Cubitus Valgus,” hereafter “A Syndrome of…
Turner SyndromeNoonan SyndromeFemale Pseudo-Turner SyndromeInfantilism, GenitalGonadotropin-Releasing Hormone
A History of Embryology (1959), by Joseph Needham
By: Karen Wellner
| Published: Jun 28, 2010
In 1931 embryologist and historian Joseph Needham published a well-received three-volume treatise titled Chemical Embryology. The first four chapters…
LiteratureNeedham, Joseph, 1900-1995Publicationshistory
US Regulatory Response to Thalidomide (1950-2000)
By: Chanapa Tantibanchachai
| Published: Apr 01, 2014
Thalidomide, a drug capable of causing fetal abnormalities (teratogen), has caused greater than ten thousand birth defects worldwide since its…
ContextThalidomideThalidomide--Side effectsTeratogenicity testingMultiple Myeloma
Ernest John Christopher Polge (1926-2006)
By: Bailey Renee
| Published: Jan 30, 2018
Twentieth-century researcher Ernest John Christopher Polge studied the reproductive processes of livestock and determined a method to successfully…
Smith, Audrey U.Parkes, A. S. (Alan Sterling), 1900-1990National Institute for Medical Research (Great Britain)Medical Research Council (Great Britain)Glycerin
Metoidioplasty
By: Riley McInnis
| Published: May 30, 2024
Metoidioplasty is a type of gender-affirming surgery that creates a small-sized neophallus, or new penis, from an enlarged clitoris. Gender-…
Gender DysphoriaGender-Affirming CareGender-Affirming SurgeryPhalloplastyClitoris