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Michael R. Harrison (1943– )
By: Risa Aria Schnebly, Brianna Ellis
| Published: Aug 04, 2021
Michael R. Harrison worked as a pediatric surgeon in the US throughout the late-twentieth century and performed many fetal surgeries, including one…
Birth DefectsAbnormalities, HumanPediatric surgeonsMyelomeningoceleSpinal Dysraphism
"Developmental Effects of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals in Wildlife and Humans" (1993), by Theo Colborn, Frederick S. vom Saal, and Ana M. Soto
By: Jennifer R. Craer
| Published: Jan 10, 2014
Developmental Effects of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals in Wildlife and Humans, was published in 1993 in Environmental Health Perspectives. In the…
LiteratureEndocrine disrupting chemicalsEmbryologyfetal developmentendocrine disruptors
Congenital Rubella Syndrome (CRS)
By: Erica O'Neil
| Published: Jan 10, 2014
Congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) can occur in children whose mothers contracted the rubella virus, sometimes called German measles, during pregnancy…
RubellaRubella in pregnancyRubella virusPregnancyEmbryos
"Congenital Cataract following German Measles in the Mother" (1941), by Norman McAlister Gregg
By: Lindsey O'Connell
| Published: Dec 31, 2013
In Australia in the 1940s, Norman McAlister Gregg observed a connection between pregnant women who contracted the rubella virus, or German measles,…
LiteratureCataract in childrenRubellaRubella in pregnancyRubella virus
Cocaine as a Teratogen
By: Mark Zhang, Chanapa Tantibanchachai
| Published: Oct 17, 2013
Cocaine use by pregnant women has a variety of effects on the embryo and fetus, ranging from various gastro-intestinal and cardiac defects to tissue…
CocaineCocaine abusePregnancyEmbryosFetus
Johann Friedrich Meckel, the Younger (1781-1833)
By: Lindsey O'Connell
| Published: Oct 11, 2013
Johann Friedrich Meckel studied abnormal animal and human anatomy in nineteenth century Germany in an attempt to explain embryological development.…
PeopleAnatomy, ComparativeEmbryologyBirth Defectsfetal development
The Meckel-Serres Conception of Recapitulation
By: Lindsey O'Connell
| Published: Jul 10, 2013
Johann Friedrich Meckel and Antoine Etienne Reynaud Augustin Serres developed in the early 1800s the basic principles of what later became called the…
fetal developmentFetal GrowthBirth DefectsFetus--AbnormalitiesEmbryology
Anencephaly
By: Jesse King
| Published: Feb 13, 2013
Anencephaly is an open neural tube defect, meaning that part of the neural tube does not properly close or that it has reopened during early…
fetal developmentFetus--AbnormalitiesBirth DefectsEmbryologyPregnancy