“Perspectives on the Properties of Stem Cells” (2005), by Ernest McCulloch and James Till
“The Impact of Emotional and Physical Violence During Pregnancy on Maternal and Child Health at One Year Post-partum” (2011), by Sarah McMahon, Chien-Chung Huang,
Paul Boxer, Judy L. Postmus
“Invasive and Non-invasive Methods for the Diagnosis of Endometriosis” (2010), by Albert L. Hsu, Izabella Khachikyan, and Pamela Stratton
“Impact of Air Pollution on Reproductive Health” (1999), by Radim Srám
Zidovudine or azidothymidine
Priscilla White (1900–1989)
Priscilla White studied the treatment of diabetes in
mothers, pregnant women, and children during the twentieth century in
the United States. White began working with children with Type 1 diabetes in
1924 at Elliott Proctor Joslin’s practice in Boston, Massachusetts.
Type 1 diabetes is an incurable disease where the pancreas produces
little to no insulin. Insulin is a
hormone that allows the body to
use sugar from food for energy and store sugars for future use.
Joslin and White authored many publications on children and
diabetes, in 1952, White helped Joslin found the Joslin Center. White
noted that many of the children with whom she worked also had parents with the disease.
Her research
focused on diabetic pregnant women and female children with diabetes.
White implemented the technique of delivering infants of diabetic
Roger Sperry’s Split Brain Experiments (1959–1968) Roger Sperry’s Split Brain Experiments (1959–1968)
HIP Randomized Breast Cancer Screening Trial (1963–1982)
From 1963 to 1982, researchers in New York City, New York, carried
out a randomized trial of mammography screening. Mammography is the use
of X-ray technology to find breast cancer at early stages. The private
insurance company Health Insurance Plan of Greater New York, or HIP,
collaborated with researchers Sam Shapiro, Philip Strax, and Louis Venet
on the trial. The researchers’ goal was to determine whether mammography
screening reduced breast cancer mortality in women. The study included
sixty thousand women aged forty to sixty-four. Half of the women
received two annual breast examinations that involved mammography, a
breast exam, and an interview. The rest of the women were not invited
for annual examinations. After follow up, the researchers found that of
The Jane Collective (1969–1973)
Albert William Liley (1929–1983)
Editor's note: This article was updated on July 7, 2020.
Albert William Liley advanced the science of fetal physiology and the techniques of life-saving
in utero blood transfusions for fetuses with
Rh incompatibility, also known as hemolytic disease. Due to his advances, fetuses too young to survive premature delivery, and likely to die
in utero if their Rh incompatibilities were left untreated, were successfully transfused and carried to term. Liley was as passionate as a clinician and researcher as he was about his views on the rights of the fetuses.
