Organisers and Genes (1940), by Conrad Hal Waddington
Conrad Hal Waddington’s
Organizers
Spemann-Mangold Organizer
Hilde Mangold (1898-1924)
"Experiments on Embryonic Induction III. A Note on Inductions by Chick Primitive Streak Transplanted to the Rabbit Embryo" (1934), by Conrad Hal Waddington
Hans Spemann (1869-1941)
Hans Spemann was an experimental embryologist best known for his transplantation studies and as the originator of the “organizer” concept. One of his earliest experiments involved constricting the blastomeres of a fertilized
"On the Induction of Embryonic Primordia by Implantation of Organizers from Different Species" (1924), Hilde Mangold's Dissertation
"Versuche zur Analyse der Induktionsmittel in der Embryonalentwicklung" (1932), by Hermann Bautzmann, Johannes Holtfreter, Otto Mangold, and Hans Spemann
In “Versuche zur Analyse der Induktionsmittel in der Embryonalentwicklung,” published in Naturwissenschaften in 1932, Hermann Bautzmann,
Otto Mangold (1891-1962)
Otto Mangold was an early-twentieth-century embryologist who specialized in the development of amphibian embryos. A major emphasis of his research was refining the concept of the organizer, now referred to as
Johannes Holtfreter (1901-1992)
Johannes Holtfreter made important discoveries about the properties of the organizer discovered by
Conrad Hal Waddington (1905-1975)
Conrad Hal Waddington was an embryologist and theoretical biologist. His early experimental work investigated aspects of embryonic induction and the properties of the
