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Hamburger-Hamilton Staging Series (1951)
By: Maria Doty
| Published: Jun 10, 2011
In 1951 Viktor Hamburger and Howard Hamilton created an embryonic staging series from a combination of photographs and drawings from other…
Chicks
Developmental Timeline of Alcohol-Induced Birth Defects
By: Erica O'Neil
| Published: Apr 24, 2011
Maternal consumption of alcohol (ethanol) during pregnancy can result in a continuum of embryonic developmental abnormalities that vary depending on…
fetal alcohol syndromeReproductionHuman Development
Fetal Programming
By: Carrie Keller
| Published: Nov 03, 2020
Fetal programming, or prenatal programming, is a concept that suggests certain events occurring during critical points of pregnancy may cause…
Diabetes in pregnancyMaternal-Fetal ExchangeMetabolism in pregnancyMaternal-Fetal MedicineMothers--Nutrition
Karl Ernst von Baer's Laws of Embryology
By: M. Elizabeth Barnes
| Published: Apr 15, 2014
In 1828, while working at the University of Konigsberg in Konigsberg, Germany Karl Ernst von Baer proposed four laws of animal development, which…
Baer, Karl Ernst von, 1792-1876EmbryologyAnatomy, Comparative
"The Development of the Turtle Carapace" (1989), by Ann Campbell Burke
By: Guido Caniglia
| Published: Oct 20, 2011
Ann Campbell Burke examines the development and evolution of vertebrates, in particular, turtles. Her Harvard University experiments, described in…
LiteratureExperimentsPublicationsTurtlesEvolution
"A Series of Normal Stages in the Development of the Chick Embryo" (1951), by Viktor Hamburger and Howard L. Hamilton
By: Adam R. Navis
| Published: Oct 30, 2007
The developmental stages of the chick embryo were examined by Viktor Hamburger and Howard L. Hamilton in "A Series of Normal Stages in the…
Chick EmbryoExperimentsChicks
Viktor Hamburger's Study of Central-Peripheral Relations in the Development of Nervous System
By: Lijing Jiang
| Published: Nov 19, 2010
An important question throughout the history of embryology is whether the formation of a biological structure is predetermined or shaped by its…
Hamburger, Viktor, 1900-2001ExperimentsNervous SystemCell Death
Essay: Homology
By: Ingo Brigandt
| Published: Nov 23, 2011
Homology is a central concept of comparative and evolutionary biology, referring to the presence of the same bodily parts (e.g., morphological…
Homology (Biology)Morphology
The Cell in Development and Inheritance (1900), by Edmund Beecher Wilson
By: Jane Maienschein, Abhinav Mishra
| Published: Jun 18, 2015
The Cell in Development and Inheritance, by Edmund Beecher Wilson, provided a textbook introduction to cell biology for generations of biologists in…
LiteratureCell organellesMitosisMeiosisCell Proliferation
“Fetal Programming and Adult Health” (2001), by Kevin M. Godfrey and David J.P. Barker
By: Carrie Keller
| Published: Feb 01, 2021
In 2001, Kevin M. Godfrey and David J.P. Barker published the article “Fetal Programming and Adult Health” in Public Health Nutrition, where they…
LiteraturePregnancy--ComplicationsFetal heart--AbnormalitiesMaternal-Fetal ExchangeMetabolism in pregnancy