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James Graves Wilson's six principles of teratology, published in 1959, guide research on teratogenic agents and their effects on developing organisms…
TeratologyAbnormalities, HumanCongenital AbnormalitiesBirth DefectsCongenital DefectsEnvironment and Birth Defects by James Graves Wilson in the US was published in 1973. The book summarized information on the causes of malformations…
LiteratureBirth DefectsAbnormalities, HumanTeratogensTeratologyMichael R. Harrison worked as a pediatric surgeon in the US throughout the late-twentieth century and performed many fetal surgeries, including one…
Birth DefectsAbnormalities, HumanPediatric surgeonsMyelomeningoceleSpinal DysraphismJosef Warkany studied the environmental causes of birth defects in the United States in the twentieth century. Warkany was one of the first…
Abnormalities, HumanVitamin ARetinoidsHypervitaminosiscalomelThe article Experimental Studies on Congenital Malformations was published in the Journal of Chronic Diseases in 1959. The author, James G. Wilson,…
LiteratureAbnormalities, HumanBirth DefectsTeratologymalformationsSidney Q. Cohlan studied birth defects in the US during the twentieth century. Cohlan helped to discover that if a pregnant woman ate too much…
Abnormalities, HumanRetinoidsVitamin AHypervitaminosisTetracyclineThe March of Dimes Foundation, or the March of Dimes, is a non-profit organization headquartered in Arlington, Virginia, focused on the health of…
OrganizationsPoliomyelitisInfantile ParalysisPolioBirth DefectsIsotretinoin is a molecule and a byproduct (metabolite) of vitamin A, and in greater than normal amounts in pregnant women, it can cause fetal…
Teratogenic agentsVitamin AIsotretinoinAbnormalities, HumanTeratogensTruman William Brophy developed a cleft palate surgical repair, later called the Brophy Operation, in the late nineteenth century US. The procedure…
Cleft PalateDental EducationAmerican Dental AssociationmalformationsBirth DefectsIn 1861, William John Little published, “On The Influence of Abnormal Parturition, Difficult Labors, Premature Birth, and Asphyxia Neonatorum, on the…
LiteratureBirth injuries--ComplicationsCerebral PalsyCerebral palsiedMuscle Spasticity